Federal civil trial appeals. Refer to the Journal of the American Law and Economics Associ...

Federal civil trial appeals. Refer to the Journal of the American Law and Economics Association(Vol. 3, 2001) study of appeals of federal civil trials, presented in Exercise. A breakdown of the 678 civil cases that were originally tried in front of a judge (rather than a jury) and appealed by either the plaintiff or defendant is reproduced in the next table. Suppose each civil case is awarded points (positive or negative) on the basis of the outcome of the appeal for the purpose of evaluating federal judges. If the appeal is affirmed or dismissed, +5 points are awarded. If the appeal of a plaintiff trial win is reversed, –1 point is awarded. If the appeal of a defendant trial win is reversed, –3 points are awarded. Suppose 1 of the 678 cases is selected at random, and the number x of points awarded is determined. Find and graph the probability distribution for x.

Federal civil trial appeals. The Journal of the American Law and Economics Association(Vol. 3, 2001) publishedthe results of a study of appeals of federal civil trials. Theaccompanying table, extracted from the article, gives abreakdown of 2,143 civil cases that were appealed by eitherthe plaintiff or the defendant. The outcome of the appeal,as well as the type of trial (judge or jury), was determinedfor each civil case. Suppose one of the 2,143 cases is selectedat random and both the outcome of the appeal and thetype of trial are observed.

a. Find P(A), where A= 5jury trial6.

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b. Find P(B), where B= {plaintiff trial win is reversed}.

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c. Are A and B mutually exclusive events?

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d. Find P(Ac).

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e. Find P(A∪ B).

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f. Find P(A∪ B).