The list of carboxylic acids in Table 19.1 is by no means exhaustive insofar as common nam...

The list of carboxylic acids in Table 19.1 is by no means exhaustive insofar as common names are concerned. Many others are known by their common names, a few of which follow. Give a systematic IUPAC name for each.

(a)

(b)

(c) HO2CCO2H

(Oxalic acid)

(d)

Sample Solution (a) Methacrylic acid is an industrial chemical used in the preparation of transparent plastics such as Lucite and Plexiglas. The carbon chain that includes both the carboxylic acid and the double bond is three carbon atoms in length. The compound is named as a derivative of propenoic acid. The preferred 2004 IUPAC name, 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid, contains locants for both the methyl group and the double bond. Older IUPAC names omitted the double-bond locant because only one position for the double bond is structurally possible.