•• The ring called PEP-II at Stanford in California stores electrons orbiting around a circle† of radius 170 m. Because of the centripetal acceleration, a = υ2/r, the particles lose energy in accordance with Eq. (11.50) [which is the appropriate relativistic form of Eq. (11.1)]. (a) Find the rate of energy loss of a single 9-GeV electron, (b) If a total of 2 × 1012 electrons are radiating at this rate, what is the total power, in watts, needed to keep them at 9 GeV? (For comparison, the power used by a typical household appliance is on the order of 100 W.)
†The actual device contains both curved and straight sections but is reasonably described as a single circle for the purposes of this problem.
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