The division of a cell to form two new daughter cells during growth or reproduction is called as “cell division.” It occurs in two phases, the first is being the nuclear division or mitosis (karyokinesis), followed by cytoplasmic division (cytokinesis).
The process of cell division includes different phases, during which the duplication (but not splitting) of genetic material occurs. In eukaryotes, the genetic material is located on chromosomes in the nucleus. So, chromosomes contain DNA. During cell division, the DNA in each cell becomes divided and packed into individual units of DNA called chromosomes.
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase are the different phases of cell division. During the metaphase, two chromatids are formed from each chromosome by longitudinal splitting. These chromatids form the chromosomes of daughter cells. After cytokinesis, each chromosome duplicates (duplication of DNA, i.e., replication) forming two chromatids attached at centromere.
Thus, the options (a), (c) and (b) are incorrect.
The division of a cell to form two new daughter cells during growth or reproduction is called as “cell division.” It occurs in two phases, the first is being the nuclear division or mitosis (karyokinesis), followed by cytoplasmic division (cytokinesis).
Therefore, the correct option is – d. cytokinesis.