(a) Calculate the specific longitudinal strengths of the glass-fiber, carbon-fiber, and ar...

(a) Calculate the specific longitudinal strengths of the glass-fiber, carbon-fiber, and aramid-fiber reinforced epoxy composites in Table 16.5 and compare them with those of the following alloys: cold-rolled 17-7PH stainless steel, normalized 1040 plain-carbon steel, 7075-T6 aluminum alloy, cold-worked (H04 temper) C26000 cartridge brass, extruded AZ31B magnesium alloy, and annealed Ti-5Al–2.5Sn titanium alloy.

(b) Compare the specific moduli of the same three fiber-reinforced epoxy composites with the same metal alloys. Densities (i.e., specific gravities), tensile strengths, and moduli of elasticity for these metal alloys are given in Tables B.1, B.4, and B.2, respectively, in Appendix B.

Table 16.5 Properties of Continuous and Aligned Glass, Carbon, and Aramid Fiber–Reinforced Epoxy–Matrix Composites in Longitudinal and Transverse Directionsa

aIn all cases, the fi ber volume fraction is 0.60.

Source: Adapted from R. F. Floral and S. T. Peters, “Composite Structures and Technologies,” tutorial notes, 1989.

Table B.1 Room-Temperature Density Values for Various Engineering Materials

Sources: ASM Handbooks, Volumes 1 and 2, Engineered Materials Handbook, Volume 4, Metals Handbook: Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Pure Metals, Vol. 2, 9th edition, and Advanced Materials&Processes, Vol. 146, No. 4, ASM International, Materials Park, OH; Modern Plastics Encyclopedia ’96, The McGraw-Hill Companies, New York, NY; R. F. Floral and S. T. Peters, “Composite Structures and Technologies,” tutorial notes, 1989; and manufacturers’ technical data sheets.

Table B.2 Room-Temperature Modulus of Elasticity Values for Various Engineering Materials

a Secant modulus taken at 25% of ultimate strength.

bModulus taken at 100% elongation.

cMeasured in bending.

Sources: ASM Handbooks, Volumes 1 and 2, Engineered Materials Handbooks, Volumes 1 and 4, Metals Handbook: Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Pure Metals, Vol. 2, 9th edition, and Advanced Materials&Processes, Vol. 146, No. 4, ASM International, Materials Park, OH; Modern Plastics Encyclopedia ’96, The McGraw-Hill Companies, New York, NY; R. F. Floral and S. T. Peters, “Composite Structures and Technologies,” tutorial notes, 1989; and manufacturers’ technical data sheets.

Table B.4 Typical Room-Temperature Yield Strength, Tensile Strength, and Ductility (Percent Elongation) Values for Various Engineering Materials

aThe strength of graphite, ceramics, and semiconducting materials is taken as flexural strength.

bThe strength of concrete is measured in compression.

cFlexural strength value at 50% fracture probability.

Sources: ASM Handbooks, Volumes 1 and 2, Engineered Materials Handbooks, Volumes 1 and 4, Metals Handbook: Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Pure Metals, Vol. 2, 9th edition, Advanced Materials&Processes, Vol. 146, No. 4, and Materials&Processing Databook (1985), ASM International, Materials Park, OH; Modern Plastics Encyclopedia ’96, The McGraw-Hill Companies, New York, NY; R. F. Floral and S. T. Peters, “Composite Structures and Technologies,” tutorial notes, 1989; and manufacturers’ technical data sheets.