Write a structural formula for the principal organic product or products of each of the fo...

Write a structural formula for the principal organic product or products of each of the following reactions:

(a) Propanoyl chloride and sodium propanoate

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(b) Butanoyl chloride and benzyl alcohol

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(c) p-Chlorobenzoyl chloride and ammonia

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(d) and water

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(e) and aqueous sodium hydroxide to give C₄H₄Na₂O₄

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(f) and aqueous ammonia to give C₄H₁₀N₂O₃

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(g) Methyl benzoate and excess phenylmagnesium bromide, then H₃O⁺

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(h) Acetic anhydride and 3-pentanol

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(i) Ethyl phenylacetate and lithium aluminum hydride, then H₃O⁺

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(j) and aqueous sodium hydroxide to give C₄H₇NaO₃

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(k) and aqueous ammonia

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(l) and lithium aluminum hydride, then H₂O

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(m) and excess methylmagnesium bromide, then H₃O⁺

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(n) Ethyl phenylacetate and methylamine (CH₃NH₂)

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(o) and aqueous sodium hydroxide to give C₅H₁₀NNaO₂

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(p) and aqueous hydrochloric acid, heat to give [C₅H₁₂NO₂]⁺

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(q) and aqueous hydrochloric acid, heat to give C₂H₄O₂ + C₆H₈ClN

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(r) and aqueous sulfuric acid, heat to give CH₇NO₄S + C₇H₆O₂

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(s) and P₄O₁₀

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(t) and aqueous hydrochloric acid, heat

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(u) p-Methoxybenzonitrile and aqueous sodium hydroxide, heat to give C₈H₇NaO₃

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(v) Propanenitrile and methylmagnesium bromide, then H₃O⁺, heat