Consider a two-phase system that consists of liquid water in equilibrium with water vapor; the system is kept in a constant-temperature bath, (a) Suppose we reversibly increase the system’s volume, holding T and P constant, causing some of the liquid to vaporize. State whether each of ∆H, ∆S, ∆Suniv, and ∆G is positive, zero, or negative, (b) Suppose we suddenly remove some of the water vapor, holding T and V constant. This reduces the pressure below the equilibrium vapor pressure of water, and liquid water will evaporate at constant T and V until the equilibrium vapor pressure is restored. For this evaporation process state whether each of ∆U, ∆S, ∆Suniv, and ∆A is positive, zero, or negative.
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