The table shown here lists the molar heats of vaporization for several organic compounds. Use specific examples from this list to illustrate how the heat of vaporization varies with (a) molar mass, (b) molecular shape, (c) molecular polarity, (d) hydrogen-bonding interactions.
Explain these comparisons in terms of the nature of the intermolecular forces at work. (You may find it helpful to draw out the structural formula for each compound.)
Compound | Heat of Vaporization (kJ/mol) |
CH3CH2CH3 | 19.0 |
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 | 27.6 |
CH3CHBrCH3 | 31.8 |
CH3COCH3 | 32.0 |
CH3CH2CH2Br | 33.6 |
CH3CH2CH2OH | 47.3 |
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