The example on begonias (Section 10.6) illustrated that organisms are frequently caught between opposing agents of selection. Each of the following examples also illustrates a tug-of-war between several agents of natural selection. For each example, hypothesize about what selective patterns may maintain the trait described and what selective patterns may oppose it.
a. A male moose grows new antlers, made of bone, each year.
b. Douglas fir trees often grow to more than 60 feet tall.
c. A termite’s gut is full of cellulose-digesting microorganisms.
d. Maple trees lose all of their leaves in the autumn.
e. A male moth has huge antennae, which can detect female pheromones.
f. A barnacle attaches itself permanently to a rock when it matures.
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