Coupling of Production and Use of Energy
MATHEMATICAL What substrate concentrations would be necessary to make the reaction in part (c) of Question a favorable reaction?
Question
A Modified Standard State for Biochemical Applications
MATHEMATICAL All the organophosphate compounds listed in Table undergo hydrolysis reactions in the same way as ATP. The following equation illustrates the situation for glucose-1-phosphate.
Glucose-1-phosphate + H2O → Glucose + Pi
ΔG°' = −20.9 kJ mol−1
Using the free-energy values in Table, predict whether the following reactions will proceed in the direction written, and calculate the ΔG°' for the reaction, assuming that the reactants are initially present in a 1:1 molar ratio.
(a) ATP 1 Creatine → Creatine phosphate 1 ADP
(b) ATP 1 Glycerol → Glycerol-3-phosphate + ADP
(c) ATP 1 Pyruvate → Phosphoenolpyruvate + ADP
(d) ATP 1 Glucose → Glucose-6-phosphate + ADP
Table Free Energies of Hydrolysis of Selected Organophosphates
Compound | ΔG°' | |
kJ mol−1 | kcal mol−1 | |
Phosphoenolpyruvate | −61.9 | −14.8 |
Carbamoyl phosphate | −51.4 | −12.3 |
Creatine phosphate | −43.1 | −10.3 |
Acetyl phosphate | −42.2 | −10.1 |
ATP (to ADP) | −30.5 | −7.3 |
Glucose-1-phosphate | −20.9 | −5.0 |
Glucose-6-phosphate | −12.5 | −3.0 |
Glycerol-3-phosphate | −9.7 | −2.3 |
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