Thallium (Tl) is a neurotoxin and mostly forms only the Tl+ ion. Aluminum (Al), which causes anemia and dementia, normally only forms the Al3+ ion. The first, second, and third ionization energies of Tl are 589, 1971, and 2878 kJ/mol, respectively. The first, second, and third ionization energies of Al are 577.5, 1817, and 2745 kJ/mol, respectively. Plot the ionization energies of Al and Tl versus atomic number and explain the trends.
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