Question

In the video, you can see that when two hydrogen atoms approach one another, a covalent bond is formed due to the overlap of the 1s orbital of each hydrogen atom. The process by which a covalent bond is formed is explained with the help of the graph of potential energy versus the distance between the two atoms. Identify which of the following statements are correct.


Potential energy decreases as the repulsive forces increase.

When two atoms are very far apart, the potential energy approaches zero.

When two atoms that are far apart approach each other, the potential energy decreases.

Covalent bond formation occurs when the distance between two hydrogen atoms is 0.74 .

A covalent bond is formed when potential energy is zero.

Answer 1

In the graph of potential energy versus the distance between the two atoms, 1. The potential energy is defined as zero when the two H atoms are infinitely separated When the interaction is attractive, the potential energy decreases as the internuclear 3. Where the curve is flat, at the bottom of the potential energy well, there is no tendency 2. Where the curve slopes downward from right to left, the net interaction is attractive. distance decreases. either to attract or to repel. The molecule is most stable at this internuclear distance. 4. Where the curve slopes upward from right to left, the interaction is repulsive, the potential energy increases as the internuclear distance decreases. Condition-1 Condition-2 O Condition-3 0.74 Internuclear distance Therefore The statement 'Potential energy decreases as the repulsive forces increases' is wrong. The statement 'When two atoms are very far apart, the potential energy approaches zero s correct The statement 'When two atoms that are far apart approach each other, the potential energy decreases' is correct. The statement "covalent bond formation occurs when the distance between two hydrogen atoms is 0.74' is correct. The statement 'A covalent bond is formed when potential energy is zero' is wrong