Question

Sleep apnea is a disorder characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep. Children who suffer from untreated sleep apnea often have behavior problems, including hyperactivity, inattention, and aggression. A common treatment for pediatric sleep apnea is the surgical removal of enlarged tonsils and adenoids that are obstructing the airways. Suppose researchers at a sleep clinic are interested in the effect of surgical treatment for pediatric sleep apnea on inattentive behavior. They study 11 children without sleep apnea, 11 children with untreated sleep apnea, and 11 children who have been surgically treated for sleep apnea. Inattentiveness is measured using the Conners Rating Scales. The sample means and sums of squares of the scores for each of the three groups are presented in the following table. Group No Sleep Apnea Untreated Sleep Apnea Treated Sleep Apnea Sample Mean Sum of Squares 0.42 0.56 0.30 0.3240 0.4410 0.2250 The researchers perform an analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a.05 to test the hypothesis that the treatment means are equal. The results are presented in the following ANOVA table. ANOVA Table Degrees of Source of Variation Between Treatments Within Treatments Total Sum of Squares 0.3725 0.9900 1.3625 Mean Square 0.1863 0.0330 Freedom 5.65 30 32 The Studentized Range Statistic (a) The ANOVA yielded a significant F statistic, so the null hypothesis is rejected. Since there are more than two groups, the researchers are interested in determining which groups are different. The Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test will be used to evaluate the pairs. First, use the table at the right to determine the appropriate value of q at a- .05. The q value for this problem is df for Error Term 2.95 3.58 4.02 4.64 2.92 3.53 3.964.55 2.89 3.49 3.89 4.45 2.86 3.44 20 24 30 40

Answer 1

​​​​​​