Explain the three architecture models of health information exchange (HIE). Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each and the role data ownership plays in each model.
Ans:- Health information exchange:- Health information exchanges are the typically categorised by how a patients health information is stored and how the legitimate members or participants like doctors, nurses, pharmacists and other health care providers can access patient health information.
These models are of three types:- a) centralised model,
b) decentralised model,
c) hybrid model.
a) centralised model:- In this model all data is stored in a single warehouse or data repository and participants regularly submit patient data while being able to view the data through external delivery methods. This is also called consolidated model.
b) decentralised model:- in this model all data stays at the point of service and the participant is a member of an organization and agrees to share their information with the other members of the organisation. It is also called federated or distributed model.
c) hybrid model:- when there is the mixture of these two models centralised and decentralised model and none are the prominent architecture, it is called hybrid model.
Advantages of centralised model are as follows:-
- It can be effective for community level data analytics and population health management since all information from the participant region is being held in the same place.
Disadvantages of this model is as follows:-
- The centralised model is prone to suffering from duplicated records, especially if all the participants organizations do not share a single system of identifying and tagging patient data.
Advantage and disadvantage both are the same for decentralised model and it is as follows:-
- participants requires an agreement on the part of the provider to allow other organisations access to their data.
Advantage of hybrid model is as follows:-
- It addresses the need to compile quality reporting data.
Disadvantage of this model is:- it has high cost, if the cost hurdle can be overcome, then this model may come to define the future of health information exchange.
Role data ownership plays in each model are:- doctors, nurses, pharmacists, other health care provider and patients.
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