Question

what is the theoretical yield for this experiment?

ORGANIC POLYMERS: THE SYNTHESIS OF NYLON Nylon's outstanding characteristic in the textile industry is its versatility. It can be made strong enough to stand up under the punishment tire cords must endure, fine enough for sheer, high fashion hosiery, and light enough for parachute cloth and backpacker's tents. Nylon is used both alone and in blends with other fibers, where its chief contributions are strength and abrasion resistance. Nylon washes easily, dries quickly, needs little pressing, and holds its shape well since it neither shrinks nor stretches. Nylon is produced by melt spinning and is available in many different forms. The fiber has outstanding durability and excellent physical properties. Nylons are semi-crystalline polymers. The amide group --CO-NH-)- provides hydrogen bonding between polyamide chains, giving nylon high strength at elevated temperatures, toughness at low temperatures, combined with its other properties, such as stiffness, wear and abrasion resistance, low friction coefficient and good chemical resistance. These properties have made nylons the strongest of all synthetic fibers in common use. Because nylons offer good mechanical and thermal properties, they are also a very important engineering thermoplastic. For example, 35% of total nylon produced is used in the automobile industry. Objectives: To synthesize Nylon 6,10 from hexamethylene diamine and sebacoyl chloride. To determine the length of the Nylon formed Safety Concerns CAUTION: All chemicals are hazardous to the skin and eyes. Safety goggles and gloves are required during the experiment!!! WASTE MANAGEMENT: Pour all waste from synthesis and solubility tests into container labeled Polymer waste located in the hood. Background a) Synthesis of an Amide By using a carboxylic acid chloride, a more reactive carboxylic acid derivative, the rate of reaction can be increased. In this reaction, HCl is the by-product. н RN + C-R- RN0R+ HCI amine Acid chloride amide

Answer 1

Sebacoyl chloride M.W = 239.14 g/mol ; density = 1.121 g/mL

1,6-hexanediamine M.W = 116.2 g/mol ; density = 0.89 g/mL

mass of 1 mL of Sebacoyl chloride = 1.121 g

Molarity of Sebacoyl chloride in 50 mL of hexane = (1.121 g / 239.14 g/mol) x (1000 / 50 mL) = 0.0937 M

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mass of 2.5 mL of 1,6-hexanediamine = 2.225 g

Molarity of 1,6-hexanediamine in 25 mL of NaOH = ( 2.225 g / 116.2 g/mol) x (1000 / 25 mL) = 0.765 M

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moles in 10 mL of diamine = 10 mL x 10^-3 L x 0.765 M = 0.00765 mol

moles in 20 mL of SC = 20 mL x 10^-3 L x 0.0937 M = 0.001874 mol

normally 1:1 molar ratio is considered as per balanced chemical equation, hence SC is limiting reactant here

0.001874 mol SC reacts with only 0.001874 mol diamine and produces 0.001874 mol nylon-6,6 [ (C₁₂H₂₂N₂O₂)_n]

if n = 1 them M.W becomes ‎226.32 g/mol , so n = 0.001874 mol

Theoretical yield = ‎0.001874 mol x 226.32 g/mol = 0.424 g

Theoretical yield = 0.424 g

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