Question

Research your Davis Drug Guide to find the following 1 Narne 1 classification of drugs featured in the front section of the book with the red tabs. 2. Research "Medication Errors: Improving Practices" section in front of your Davis text a. What is the definition of a high alert medication? b. List one medication given that is high alert? 3. Find the "Natural and Herbal Products" section in the back of your book. What is the therapeutic use of garlic? 4. List one section that is provided in the appendix ? 5. What are common side effects of ibuprofen? adverse effect of oxycodone? 6. Give 1 brand name for the generic drug diazepam. 7. What is the DEA control schedule of zolpidem? 8. What are the lab considerations for warfarin?

Answer 1

1.ANTI-ALZHEIMER'S AGENTS:

• Donepezil
• Galantamine
• Rivastigmine

Pharmacological profile:

Indication:Used In management of Alzeiheimer's dementia.

Mechanism of action: It acts on the CNS by inhibiting cholinesterase. Current agents temporarily improve cognitive function function and therefore improve quality of life.

Precautions: Use cautiously in patients with a history of sick sinus syndrome.

Adverse effects:Nausea,Vomiting,Weight loss,Seizures,Bronchospasm,urinary tract obstruction.

Nursing assessment:

• Assess cognitive function(Memory,attention,language
• Monitor anorexia,weight loss and other adverse effects.

Nursing Diagnosis:

• Imbalance nutrition
• Deficient knowledge related to disease process and medication regimen

Desired outcome:Temporary improvement in cognitive function.

Patient counselling:Instruct patients and caregiver direction of medication.

2.a) High alert medication: Medication which has narrow therapeutic range or inherent toxic nature and have a high risk of causing injury or death if improperly ordered,prepared,stocked,dispensed,administered and monitored.They require special attention due to the potential for serious and possibly fatal consequences.These can be termed as high alert medications, to communicate the need for extra care and safe guards.

b) Examples for High alert medication:

• Aldesleukin
• Erlotinib
• Mitoxantrone
• Codeine
• Propofol

3.Therapeutic uses of Garlic: Lipid lowering agent

Per oral:

• Hypertension
• Hyperlipidemia
• Cardiovascular disease
• Colorectal and gastric cancer

Topical:Dermal fungal infections including tineacorporis,Pedis

4.Appendix 1:Pregnant categories:

• Category A: Adequate,well controlled studies in pregnant women should have not shown an increased risk of fetal abnormalities.
• Category B: Animal studies have no evidence of harm to the fetus however there are no adequate,well controlled studies in animal studies have shown an adverse effects and in pregnant women have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus.
• Category C:Animal studies have shown adverse effects and there is no adequate ,well controlled studies in pregnant women. and no animal studies have been conducted and there are no adequate,controlled studies in pregnant women.
• Category D: Studies,adequate,well controlled in pregnant women have demonstrate a risk to the fetus. However,benefits may outweight the potential risk.
• Category X: Adequate,well controlled studies in animals and pregnant women have demonstrate positive evidence of fetal abnormalities. The use of the product is contraindicated in pregnant women.

5. Common Side effects of Ibuprofen:

• Hypotension
• Rash
• Flatulence
• Thrombocytosis
• Dizziness
• Bacteremia
• Vomiting

Adverse effects of oxycodone:

• Anaphylaxis
• Respiratory Depression
• Severe Hypotension
• Drug withdrawal syndrome

6.Brand name:

• Diastat
• Diazemuls
• Valium

7. Drug Enforcement Act of Zolpidem is come under schedule IV controlled substance act of 1970.

8.Lab considerations of Warfarin :

• INR:daily following the initial dose untill the INR is stabilized to the therapeutic range then periodically generally every 1 to 4 weeks.
• Preganancy test:Prior to initiation in female patients of reproductive potential
• Sign and symptoms of bleeding,Cerebrovascular disease,anemia

9. Simvastatin is a lipid lowering agent.Cholesterol is essential for fetal development.Statins are contraindicated to pregnant women because statins inhibit cholesterol production that may leads to potential teratogens like effect fetal development.

10.Antidote for Heparin toxicity:Protamine sulfate

Dose:1mgIV for every 100 units of heparin remaining in patient.