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"Many utilitarians believe that a free market is neither a necessary nor a sufficient means for...

"Many utilitarians believe that a free market is neither a necessary nor a sufficient means for attaining the maximum overall good." Explain this statement by using two examples
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Utilitarians are the people who want welfare for the majority of the people in the society and spread prosperity in the society. But, free market is driven by the market forces that set its own market price and output level.Further, free market also facilitates unequal distribution of resources that lead to become a constraint for spreading the welfare to the society. It is the reason that free market is not treated a a sufficient mean to facilitate utilitarianism based benefits and welfare to the society.

The first example is the  increase in the inequality of resources among the different class of people that comes with the free market. Here, it is observed that top 10%  of the population own the resources that is equal to the most of the rest of population. It is not a ideal condition where everyone do not have the equal opportunity to the goods and services. It is due to the free market phenomenon.

The second example is the elimination of smaller players from the market by the bigger players in the free market scenario. Here, bigger players or firms increase their market power and apply anti competitive methods that make it difficult for the smaller players to be in the market. Hence, the smaller players move out and welfare is not spread to the whole of the society.  This problem is resolved by government intervention, when free market concept is limited in some capacity.

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