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The investigators administered the study questionnaire by telephone from March 15-23. Students selected for participation were...

The investigators administered the study questionnaire by telephone from March 15-23. Students selected for participation were called at their dormitory room or their home telephone number as recorded in university records. If the student was not present at either location but information on his/her whereabouts was available, additional phone calls were made to contact the student. Students not reached during spring break were interviewed on their return to the university.

Thirty-six cases and 144 controls were contacted. Cases included in the study were similar to all cases with respect to gender, age, and year in college. Their dates of onset of illness had a distribution similar to that seen in Figure 1.

Results from the unmatched case-control study were tabulated by TDH and CDC epidemiologists. Only persons who ate at the main cafeteria for the specified period were included in the meal-specific analyses. (Table 2)

Table 2. Risk factors for illness among persons eating at the main cafeteria, unmatched case-control study, University X, Texas, March 9-10, 1998.

Exposure

Ill exposed/ Total ill

Well exposed/ Total well

Measure of association

p-value

Ate at salad bar - lunch March 9

9/30

36/100

Ate at salad bar - dinner March 9

5/18

15/59

Ate at salad bar - lunch March 10

6/28

23/96

Ate at salad bar - dinner March 10

6/15

12/44

Ate at salad bar*

13/19

49/69

Ate at deli bar - lunch March 9

18/30

12/101

Ate at deli bar - dinner March 9

7/18

5/61

Ate at deli bar - lunch March 10

13/29

12/96

Ate at deli bar - dinner March 10

4/16

4/44

Ate at deli bar*

28/36

20/116

Question 20: Calculate the appropriate measure of association for these exposures. Interpret the results.

HI! What is the formula for measuring association?

math   Statistics-And-Probability   
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Answer #1

The odds ratio is calculate using excel. The formula used are shown below.

OR In(OR) SE Ill exposed Total il Well exposed Total well In(OR) pvalue Exposure Ate at salad bar lunch March 9 Ate at salad bar dinner March 9 Ate at salad bar lunch March 10 Ate at salad bar dinner March 10 At at salad bar Ate at deli bar lunch March 9 Ate at deli bar dinner March 9 Ate at deli bar lunch March 10 Ate at deli bar dinner March 10 Ate at deli bar OR SE zscore 36 15 23 100 59 96 0.18 0.09 0.11 0.38 -0.04 1.62 1.56 1.28 0.43 0.15 -0.22 0.66 -0.09 3.79 2.42 2.82 1.32 4.31 0.67 0.88 0.83 0.51 0.93 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.19 0.00 9 30 18 28 15 19 30 18 29 16 36 0.83 1.09 0.89 1.47 0.96 5.05 4.74 3.59 2.75 4.51 0.43 0.58 0.51 0.58 0.41 0.43 0.64 0.45 0.77 0.35 6 49 69 101 61 96 13 18 12 13 4 28 12 4 20 116 1.51L) a/b OR a/d d V/T . 증·근 SE { ln(OR)) score-in (OR) - SE 肙 | ill exposed Total ill Wel expose Total well In(OR) zscore pvalue 1on -(811 E11)/(C11 D11 SQRTI(1/B11H1/C11)/D11)+(1/E11)) LN(F11)-H11/611 I Fisi 11-0(1-NORMS. DISTSİ 11,TRUE)) +2.1 NORMS. DIST($ 111,TRUE))+2) xH17/G17 扑{51123(以1 NORM.S.DIS1(SI 17, I RUF))7,(NORM-S.DIST($112, TRUF)) -(B13 E13/(C13 D13 -H14F 14)/[C14T)14) -(B15E15)/[C15D15l =(B16F 16)/[C16DI 6) -(B17-E17)/C 17-D17) -(BIRF 18)/CIRD18) -(B19E19)/C 19D19) SORTI(1/B13H1/C13)/D13)+(1/E13)) LN(F13-H13/G1 -SQRT((1/B14)HI/C14)刊1/1)14)4( 1/F 14)) -SQRT((1/B151刊1/C15H: 1/D15)+(1/E15)) -SQRT{(1/B16)+(1/C16)刊1/D16)+( 1/F16)) -SQRT((1/B17M1/C17)増1/D17)+(1/E17)) -SQRT((1/B18]HI/C18)刊1/D18)-( 1/F 18)) -sqRT((1/B19}H1/C19):(1/D19)1(1/E19)) -IN(F 14) _LNİF15l -IN(F16) -LN/F17) -IN(F18) -LN/F19) xH14614 -H15/G15 xH16/G 16 -H17/G17 xH18/G 18 -H19/G19 IFISI13 0,(1-NORM.S.DIST(SI13,TRUE)*2, NORM.S.DISTIS113,TRUE)) 2 -H5l14>믹 1 NORMS.DIS1($114, I RİJF))7,(NORMS.DIST($114, TRUF))*2} IFISI15 0,(1-NORM.S.DIST(SI15,TRUE) 2,INORM.S.DISTIS115,TRUE)) 2 扑(51163(以1 NORMS.DIST($116,TRUE))7,(NORMA, DIST($116,TRIJF))7) I Fisi 17>0,( 1-NORMS. DISTSİ 17,TRUE)) +2.1 NORMS. DIST($117,TRUE))+2) -H511 R>Ο,(1 NORMS.DIST(SI 18TRUF))7,{NORMS. DIST($118,TRUF))*2} -IFSI19>0(1-NORMI.S.DIST($119,TRUE))+2/NORM.S. DIST($119,TRUE))+2) 116 22, 2,2,2, 2222222.2 a-cab d 1964 69 10 6 6 4 1 We c 6 1 3 2 49 1 524 20 C. | 2 3 4 5 6 7.9 10 1 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 4

An odds ratio of:
1.0 (or close to 1.0) means that the odds of exposure among cases is the same as the
odds of exposure among controls. The exposure is not associated with the disease.
Greater than 1.0 means that the odds of exposure among cases is greater than the odds of
exposure among controls. The exposure may be a risk factor for the disease.
Less than 1.0 means that the odds of exposure among cases is lower than the odds of
exposure among controls. The exposure may be protective against the disease.

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