Question

Know and understand the terminology in the chapter

• General manifestations of respiratory disease, pages 281-282

• Common treatment measures for respiratory disorders, page 283

• Diseases/disorders:

o COPD and associated disorders (emphysema, asthma, chronic bronchitis)

o Pneumonia

o TB

o Cystic fibrosis

o Pulmonary embolus and D

Answer 1

Respiratory Diseases

These are caused by lack of oxygen, high altitude, restricted blood supply to organ or body part. This include conditions of the respiratory tract including trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli ,plural cavity and muscles of respiration. Respiratory disease ranges from common cold to life threatening disease like pulmonary embolism, asthma, cancer. Respiratory diseases can be classified based on organ involved, types, tissue involved.

Treatments

Avoid Smoking

Avoid exposure to harmful smokes

Avoid exposure to airborne allergens

Elimination of tobacco smoke

feeding infants with 6 months of breast milk

Disease/Disorders

COPD :-This includes several respiratory illness like breathlessness or inhales abnormally. Patients suffers shortness of breath and cough out sputum normally in the morning. They develop over course of years without any signs and symptoms.

Pneumonia:-This is caused by infection in air sacs of lungs. This infection can be viral, bacterial or fungal. This is normally cured in 1-2 weeks but certain cases can go serious and even life threatening.

Tuberculosis: Contagious infection caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria that mainly affects the lungs but also can also affects other organs .Most infection doesn't have any symptoms. But at times shows blood containing mucus and chronic coughing. Left untreated can cause death.

Cystic Fibrosis/Bronchiectasis:This is a genetic diseases causing mucus to get deposited on walls of tubes and passageways. This prevents enzymes from breaking down causing lung infections and obstruction in pancreas. Symptoms includes salty tasting skins, chronic coughing, poor growth in childrens.

Pulmonary Embolus: Case where Lung blood vessel gets blocked by blood clot. Symptoms include breath shortness, coughing blood, mild fever. Prompt treatment can avoid risk of death.