Question

Please help with highlighted questions

Discuss factors that influence respiratory function in patients COPD; emphysema; respiratory distress due to stroke, opioids, anesthetics, aneurysm; bronchitis, chronic asthma; hypoxemia What are the appropriate assessment techniques for patients with alterations in respiratory function Check oxygen saturation, laboratory and diagnostic findings for patients with an alteration in respiratory function (they said we don't have to worry about ABGs for this now?) Apply the nursing process for patients with alterations in respiratory function • vital signs, color of skin, speaking (how they are talking) ???? Educational needs of the patient and the family of someone with an alteration in respiratory function

Answer 1

●The factors which are responsible for influencing the respiratory function in patients are

• The age of an individual because the pattern can greatly vary as one grows from infant to adult
• Physique of an individual in deciding the lung capacity and the gaseous exchange in the respiratory system
• Exercise, activity, emotional outbursts can generally increase the respiratory pattern and settles down as one comes out of it
• Smoking can decrease the lung function
• Allergies can contribute to unnecessary workload on the lungs to fight infection
• Disease condition and use of certain medications

●The assessment techniques for patients with alterations in respiratory functions are

• Monitoring vital signs especially respiratory rate ,depth ,rhythm
• Oxygen saturation
• Laboratory test
• Diagnostic procedures
• Auscultation :by hearing breath sounds
• History collection and physical examination

●Laboratory test

• CBC :to get basic values
• ABG:to know the oxygen saturation and acid base balance
• CRP:to assess infection
• Sputum test:if patient has secretion

Diagnostic

• Chest X ray
• Spirometry
• Pulmonary function test

●Nursing process

• Assessment
  • Subjective data:difficulty in breathing, secretion, fatigue
  • Objective data: dyspneic, increased breath rate ,changes in auscultation like cracked, bronchi,wheezing, decreased SPO2,cough
• Nursing diagnosis
  • Ineffective breathing pattern related to secretion as evidenced by dyspnea, breath sounds ,tachypnea, cough
• Goal
  • To maintain n8rmal breathing pattern
• Nursing intervention and rationale
  • Monitor vital signs ,baseline to plan for care
  • Administer medication to dilate constricted respiratory pathway
  • Nebulise to thin out secretions
  • Teach breathing exercises to enhance lung function
  • Provide propped up position to increase lung capacity
• Evaluation:
  • The patient has a normal respiratory pattern