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1. What is the independent variable? Are there (1) at least two levels of it or (2) an experimental group and a control group? If not, there is a design defect. In any experiment, one treatment has to be compared with another 2. Is the independent variable a subject variable or a manipulated variable? 3. What is the dependent variable? How is it measured? 4. Assuming there are two levels of the independent variable, are all groups treated identically except for the experimental manipulation? If not, there is a confound in the experiment. . Sitt 2 brit 5. What type of design was used? What other questions should be asked?
Experiment Briefs 1. An investigator attempted to ascertain the effects of hunger on aggression in cats. She took ten cats, kept them in individual cages, and put them on a food deprivation schedule such that at the end of two weeks the cats weighed 80 per- cent of their normal body weight. She then put the cats in pairs for 15 minutes and watched to see if aggression or fighting would occur. In all cases, the cats showed the threat posture, and in most cases fighting occurred. The investiga- tor concluded that hunger increases aggression in cats. 2. Psychologists working for food and beverage companies have always played a critical role in product development. In one experiment conducted by a consumer psychologist, subject preference for two types of cola was measured The company had noticed that in one marketplace its brand of cola performed significantly worse than its leading competitors cola. These data were particu larly puzzling as on a nationwide basis its cola performed significantly better than its competitors cola. The researchers were concerned thiat some local condition may have con ted to the rejection of their cola, so they set out to test this hypothesis. The tal design was a repeated measure design in which each subject tasted two colas. One cola was marked Q (the competitors brand) and the other was marked M (their brand). A random sample of citizens between the ages of 14 nd 62 were asked to participate in the experiment. All subjects tasted bran and then brand M, and then gave their preference. Much to the surprise of the xperimenters, the subjects reported an overwhelming preference for brand M. The authors concluded that the sample preferred their companys brand and t advertising must have contributed to the consumption of the competitors brand in that area. Therefore, they suggested a multimillion-dollar advertising campaign to rectify the situation.
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Answer #1

1.

The experimental unit here is a cat.

The explanatory variable is a numerical variable which identifies the time for which a given cat is subjected to hunger deprivation.

There is no control group of non-deprived cats in this experiment.

A simple corrected design would add a control group of 10 cats, which are treated exactly the same as the experimental group except that they are not deprived of food.

The interacting variable is a numerical variable where weight of a given cat is noted.

2.

The independent variable is a subject variable.

3.

Dependent variable is the weight of each cat as it changes as the experimental units are subjected to hunger deprivation. It is measured in kilograms.

Please post the remaining questions in another post.

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