Question

Presented with recordings of a pair of people of the same sex speaking the same phrase,...

Presented with recordings of a pair of people of the same sex speaking the same phrase, can a listener determine which speaker is taller simply from the sound of their voice? Twenty‑four young adults at Washington University listened to 100 pairs of speakers and, within each pair were asked to indicate which of the two speakers was the taller. The number correct out of 100 for each of the 24 participants is listed.

Note: The numerical values in this problem have been modified for testing purposes.

65 61 67 59 58 62 56 67 61 67 63 51
68 47 66 58 69 70 65 56 68 56 58 71

Researchers believe that the key to correct discrimination is contained in a particular type of sound produced in the lower airways or the lungs, known as subglottal resonances, whose frequency is lower for taller people. Despite the masking of these resonances by other voice sounds, researchers wondered whether the information they contained could still be heard by listeners and used to identify the taller person.

Make two stemplots, with and without splitting the stems:

b. Describe the shape, center, and variability of the distribution.

c. Find the center of the distribution. (Enter your answer rounded to one decimal place.)

d. Find the minimum of the distribution. (Enter your answer as a whole number.)

e. Find the maximum of the distribution. (Enter your answer as a whole number.)

f. Are there any outliers?

g. If the experimental subjects are just guessing which speaker is taller, they should correctly identify the taller person about 50%50% of the time. Does this data support the researchers' conjecture that there is information in a person's voice to help identify the taller person? Why or why not? Select an answer choice.

Yes, it would appear that a person's voice does help identify the taller person. If subjects were just guessing, we would expect the distribution to center about 50,50, but the center here is much higher.

It is impossible to make a conclusion based on the given data.

Yes, it would appear that a person's voice does help identify the taller person. If subjects were just guessing, we would expect the distribution to be approximately symmetric, but here it is skewed.

No, it would appear that a person's voice does not help identify the taller person. If subjects were just guessing, we would expect the distribution to center about 50,50, and the center here is not far off from that.

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Answer #1

b)The shape of the distribution may be symmetric or nonsymmetric. If the distribution is symmetric its mean, median and mode will be equal. The Shape of the distribution is described by the variability of the data.

Center of the distribution indicates the average of the distribution or the measure of central tendency. Arithmetic mean, median and mode are examples of the center of the distribution.

Variability of the distribution indicates the spread of the data. Standard deviation, mean deviation etc. are examples of variability measures.

c)Centre - 61.47 for firstseriesCentre- ntre62.67 forthesecondseries 7n 72

Variability S2 = rac{sum {x^{2}}}{n}-^{overline{X}2}

For the first pair substituting in the equation S2 =24.083

For the second pair S2=55.87879

d) Minimum of the given data =47

e) Maximum of the data =71

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