Question

Two nursing students have to present a discussion about the endocrine system in front of their class. For your initial post, explain the following to help them answer the following questions:

• Where is the thyroid gland located? Make sure you use anatomical directional terms (anterior, posterior, superior, etc. ) to provide the accurate location of the gland.
• How do you clinically differentiate a hyperthyroidism from a hypothyroidism?
• Also: Choose one of them and explain its pathogenesis.
• What are the most common lab exams used to confirm the clinical diagnosis of the entity chosen? What are the expected results?

In your responses to your classmates, do you think their explanations are sound? Do you have anything to add? Please respond to at least two of your classmates.

Your first post must be a complete response to the prompt. Subsequent posts will not count as the initial post and will not be graded as such.

Answer 1

A) Thyroid gland lies deep to sternocleidomastoid muscle

anterirly in the neck at the level of C5-T1 vertebrae

consist of right and left lobe anterolateral to larynx and trachea.

B) hypothyroidism causes slow metabolism, tiredness and weight gain, feels depressed wheras in hyperthyroidism one has more energy an weight loss and experience anxiety.

c) Pathogenesis of hypothyroidism

There is Accumulation of glycosaaminoglycans especialy hyaluronic acid in interstisl tissues due to their decreased destruction. As this substance is hydrophilic and there is increased capillary permeability to albumin that results in interstitial edema which is particularly evident in skin heart muscles and striated muscles.

D) lab test to confirm hypothyroidism is TSH test that measures amount of t4 that the thyroid is being signaled to make. TSH is abnormaly high in hypothyroidism.