(a) Experimental unit
It is the entity to which a specific treatment combination is applied. Individual Man/ Woman is the Experimental Unit.
(b) Factor(s) for this experiment
An independent variable whose levels are set by the experimenter is factor. Here, factors are Training, Diet, Gender with 2 levels each. See the TABLE below:
TABLE | Supervised Resistance Training (Treatment) | Low-fat diets (Treatment) | Gender | Body Weight recorded | |||||||
Level 1 | RT1 | with RT | D1 | Standard protein diet | M | Man | B | Before study | |||
Level 2 | RT2 | without RT | D2 | High protein diet | W | Woman | A | After study |
(c) All the treatments in this experiment
An object whose effect is to be measured and compared is called as a treatment. Here, Training (RT1 &RT2), Diet(D1 & D2) are treatments with two levels each.
(d) The Response variable
The dependent variable affected during experiment is called response variable. The body weight of the individual is the response variable.
(e) Identify whether or not the study involves i. Blinding ii. Blocking.
Blinding in the experiment means one or more individuals are kept unaware about the treatment assigned to him/her; specifically to avoid the possible BIAS in the study. Here, blinding training doesn't seem appropriate. (However, blinding can be done while diet application; to avoid bias : human bias by staff or anyone; weak person administered high protein diet.)
Blocking is the non-random arrangement of experimental units into groups (called blocks) consisting of units that are similar to one another. Here, blocking is suitable like Training (RT1 & RT2), Gender(Men and Women)..
(f) Suitable diagram showing how to design this experiment
It seems 23 factorial experiment (8 combination of treatments in all). We don't know the number of men assigned to treatment: RT1-D1.
Before conducting experiment, we already have the "body weights (before study)" of individuals.
Diagram: Notations as described in the table above.
Diet | D1 | D2 |
Training | ||
RT1 | M | M |
W | W | |
RT2 | M | M |
W | W |
(g) Advantage of random assignment of treatment
To minimize error. To avoid bias between men and women (men generally considered to be physically healthy and inclined to training than women).
2. Researchers were interested in evaluating the effects of two low-fat diets with and without resistance...
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