What is the role of individual health care providers, health care organizations, and public health departments. Who else might play a role?
Ans) A stronger government health system which ensures the provision of essential public health services and works actively with the personal health system to promote and protect health will result in improved health and cost efficiency across the nation.
The federal government must:
provide standards and guidelines;
conduct research and disseminate its findings;
ensure equity across states; and
develop priorities for the nation.
Federal, state, and local public health agencies must:
- define standards for public health that improve the overall
health of the population and provide strategies for achieving
greater health system efficiency and effectiveness;
- promote the most efficient methods of public health action
based on the political and health traditions of each particular
state or locality;
have a specific role in monitoring health effects and advising
policy makers on the effectiveness of programs in meeting health
objectives;
develop innovative and effective public health programs supported
by research-driven questions that are directly applicable to
meeting public health needs and by evaluation studies which provide
support for program planning and quality improvement;
be funded at the several levels necessary for performance of their
responsibilities; and
provide leadership for the creation of comprehensive health records
and mechanisms which assure shared utilization of data by private
and public sector providers and by community-based groups so as to
facilitate: disease surveillance and assessment of progress toward
meeting prevention goals, evaluation of utilization patterns,
quality of personal health services practices and health outcomes,
and the identification of gaps in health care access.
- Establishing a leadership role for the public health community in
decisions that shape the personal health care system and models of
health care delivery.
- New ways of making policy and of organizing the purchase and
delivery of personal health care are needed, and public health
officials should have a major role in developing them to ensure
health promotion and prevention. This requires a central role in
the allocation of capital resources and in ensuring the adequacy of
the primary care infrastructure and the distribution of adequate
primary care personnel to currently underserved areas.
- State and regional health planning should draw together the
public and private sectors in a collaborative model that is
publicly accountable. State and local health agencies should
articulate the division of labor between agencies. State and local
health agencies should collaborate with purchasers and providers of
personal health care and with community-based organizations
representing ethnic and other minorities, women, and vulnerable
groups to assure that health plans and health delivery are
culturally sensitive and are appropriate to meet population needs.
Working with the private sector, public health agencies must define
standards to ensure high quality services are provided to all
populations, and encourage a phased redistribution of resources
from illness to preventive care with targets and timelines.
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