Question

1. Define the critical terms related to public health preparedness. 2. Distinguish between the various types of crisis. 3. Describe the state preparedness evaluation process. 4. Describe the stages in crisis planning.

Answer 1

1. Critical terms related to public health preparedness are :-

1. Biosurveillance

2. Countermeasure Distribution

3. Mass Casualty Care

4. Community Resilience

Biosurveillance - method to detect and monitor a biological incident , active data gathering , situational awareness and analysis .

Countermeasure distribution - are otherwise unlawful actions, taken by way of self-help in response to a breach. important to distinguish between retorsion, reprisal and sanctions.

Mass casualty care - the healthcare staff must provide the greatest good for the greatest number of people .

Community resilience - individuals come together to respond and recover for the whole .

2. Various types of crisis are :-

Class 1:

Dispositional Crises

Definition: An acute response to an external situational stressor.

Class 1 Examples

-Work Stress

-Financial Problems

Class 2:

Crises of Anticipated Life Transitions

Definition: Normal life-cycle transitions that may be anticipated but over which the individual may feel a lack of control.

Class 2: Examples

-Student stressors and adjustments

-Middle Age

-Retirement

Class 3:

Crises Resulting from Traumatic Stress

Definition: Crises precipitated by unexpected external stresses over which the individual has little or no control and from which he or she feels emotion- ally overwhelmed and defeated.

Class 3: Examples

Assault: Rape

Natural Disaster

Class 4:

Maturational/Developmental Crises

Definition: Crises that occur in response to situations that trigger emotions related to unresolved conflicts in one's life. These crises are of internal origin and reflect underlying developmental issues that involve dependency, value conflicts, sexual identity, control, and capacity for emotional intimacy.

Class 4: Examples

Rejection in work: Athletics

Relationship problems

Class 5:

Crises Reflecting Psychopathology

Definition: Emotional crises in which preexisting psychopathology has been instrumental in precipitating the crisis or in which psychopathology significantly impairs or complicates adaptive resolution.

Class 5: Examples

Borderline Personality Disorder, Severe Neuroses, other personality disorders and schizophrenia.

4. Crisis Management:

- The use of relations to minimize harm to the organization in emergency situations that could cause the organizations irreparable damage

- Key --> preparation

- Goal --> avert crisis or more effectively manage those that do occur by ending it quickly, limiting the damage, and restoring credibility

Stages of Crisis Management:

1. Research (Risk Assessment)

2. Prevention

3. Preparation / Planning

#. Research

- identify potential threats

- review politics --> personnel / conduct / financial / safety measures / services

#. Prevention

- take steps to eliminate, lessons threats

- make changes in policies as needed

- understand - crisis will happen

#.Prevention/Preparation

1. Ongoing public relations program

2. Regular two-way communications program

3. Diligence/Media savvy

4. Communications plan