Question

homework/ pharmacology at lest 3pages nursing research, reference and citations Require

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Write a discussion in Compare and contrast pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics.

Answer 1

Answer :

Pharmacokinetics :

• Pharmacokinetics is what the body does to the drug like how the drug is absorbed , distributed , metabolised and excreted by the body .
• Drugs may be transported across the membrane by passive or active transport .
• Passive transport : the drug moves across a membrane withoiut any need For energy .
• Absorption : drug absorption from the site of administration permits the entry of the therapeutic agent into the plasma .
• Absorption occurs by one of the processes i.e passive diffusion or active transport .thus except For IV route ,absorption is important For all other route of administration.
• Distribution : the drug may then reversibly leave the blood stream and distributes into the interstitial and intracellular fluids .
• Like absorption ,distribution also involes the same process i.e filtration ,diffusion and specialised transport.
• Metabolism : then the drug be biotransformed by the metabolism in liver or other tissues.
• These processes convert the drugs into more polar ,water soluble compounds so that they are easily excreted through kidneys .
• Elimination : finally ,the drug and its metabolites are eliminated from the body in the urine , bile or feces.

Pharmacodynamics : it describes the actions of a drug on the body and the influence of drug concentration on the magnitude of the response .

• Drug receptor complex initiates alteratioms in the biochemical and or molecular activity of cell by a process called signal transduction.
• Thus drug act by stimulation , depression, irritation , replacement , anti_infective or cytotoxic action and modification of immune status .