Question

Describe the difference between Pharmacokinetics (PK) and Pharmacodynamics (PD) of antibiotics.  

1) Describe patient-specific and organism-specific factors that make treating multidrug- resistant gram-negative infections so challenging.

Answer 1

Describe the difference between Pharmacokinetics (PK) and Pharmacodynamics (PD) of antibiotics.

pharmacodynamics is the effect that drugs have on the body; whilepharmacokinetics is the study of the way in which drugs move through the body dur- ing absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. Before a drug can begin to exert any effect on the body it has to be absorbed into the body systems.

Pharmacokinetics (PK)

Pharmacokinetics (from Ancient Greek pharmakon "drug" and kinetikos "moving, putting in motion"; see chemical kinetics), sometimes abbreviated as PK, is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to determining the fate of substances administered to a living organism.  The substances of intrigue incorporate any concoction xenobiotic, for example, pharmaceutical medications, pesticides, nourishment added substances, makeup, and so on. It endeavors to examine compound digestion and to find the destiny of a concoction from the minute that it is regulated up to the time when it is totally wiped out from the body. Pharmacokinetics is the investigation of how a living being influences a medication, while pharmacodynamics (PD) is the investigation of how the medication influences the creature. Both together impact dosing, advantage, and antagonistic impacts, as observed in PK/PD models.

Pharmacodynamics (PD)

Pharmacodynamics (PD) is the study of the biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs (especially pharmaceutical drugs).  The impacts can incorporate those showed inside creatures (counting people), microorganisms, or mixes of life forms (for instance, contamination). Pharmacodynamics is the investigation of how a medication influences a life form, while pharmacokinetics is the investigation of how the creature influences the medication. Both together impact dosing, advantage, and unfavorable impacts. Pharmacodynamics is now and again curtailed as PD and pharmacokinetics as PK, particularly in consolidated reference (for instance, when talking about PK/PD models).

Pharmacodynamics places particular emphasis on dose–response relationships, that is, the relationships between drug concentration and effect.

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