Question

Compare and contrast cultural paradigms in America, as well as collective and individual treatment models. Why are these important to healthcare?

Answer 1

A. Cultural paradigm:

A "dominant paradigm" mentions to the values, or srrustruc of thought, in a community that are most standard and broadly held at a given time. Dominant paradigms are created or moulded both by the community's cultural background and by the circumstances of the historical moment.

Cultural paradigms in America:

There are various cultural paradigms in America. They are as follow:

- Asian American

- Native American

- African American

- Latino American

- European American

1. On the basis of nature and environment:

Asian American, Native American, African-American, and Latino American see themselves in peace with the nature and the surrounding.

But , the European American see human beings as senior to the nature or environment.

2. On the basis of time orientation:

The Asian American and the Latino American are directed towards the past or the present, past happenings are perceived as alive and influencing, they perceive time as an unlimited continuum.

The Native American and African-American are directed towards present, they do not focus on building up of any event or the effect of the event, they perceive time as an unlimited continuum.

The European American are directed towards future, they perceive time as categorized, they find the positivity in being on time.

3. On the basis of people relation:

For the Asian American the social focus is on guarantee and they highly respect the authority.

The Native American also has social focus on guarantee and they value the cooperation from each other also the conciseness of the speech.

For African-American the social focus is on guarantee and they have the ability to rap which is taken as a form of art.

For Latino American the social focus is on guarantee and the respect is focused on the basis of age, gender and class.

For the European American the social focus is completely individual and are more of competitive, pride in their accomplishments.

4. On the basis of work and activity:

The Native American and Latino American focus on " being in becoming" and are passive. They focus more on process and on present.

The Asian American are oriented on doings and their goal is to achieve honor.

The European American are oriented on doings and are very hard working and thinks hard work gives success.

The African-American are also doing oriented and they lie in between the Asian American and the European American.

5. On the basis of human nature.:

The Asian American, Native American and Latino American thinks human nature is good.

The African-American thinks human nature is both good and bad and focuses more on society.

The European American thinks human nature is both good and bad and sees human nature occupying in individual.

B. The collective and individual treatment models are the type of models which is widely used for the purpose of treatment as well as recovery.

The collective treatment model states that it can be given to a larger group of people at once and tyetpeople can witness the treatment of an individual in front.

Whereas , the individual treatment model states that the treatment is provided to the patient individually or in one to one basis. The patient will only be interacted with the therapist or the physician himself.

In collective treatment model the patient's will share their experience with each other and talk about the effect of different therapies done for him.

In individual the patient will be able to describe about his condition more comfortably and in more details without any disturbance.

The collective treatment model tends to involve the participation of the family members so as to identify their opinion as well as to make them aware of the seriousness of the patient's condition.

C. These are very important to health care because:

Individual treatment model:

- the patient will be more open and explain about his condition more comfortably.

- the patient will be more comfortable and relaxed.

- if the patient is more open about his condition it will be easy for the physician to identify the cause and the diagnosis will be more accurate.

Collective treatment model:

- the therapeutic outcome depends on the discussion with the other group members.

- here the patients are motivated to share their experiences in order to provide a great sense of relief to the narrator as well as a sense of relation towards their own story to the listeners.

- it will help in the ventilation of their repressed feeling when they are narrating their story.

- the group members will have the sense of support to each other as being in the similar kind of situations.

- this model will help the people to develop a sense of strength for each other in the group which will make them have a sense of a group as a whole, starting of greiving process together about the past loss, blend the traumatic experiences and to largely focus on the present life.

- this will help the family members to view the condition or the problem as a whole and not individually.

- it will help in better healing in the people due to support of the loved ones.

- it will help the group to witness the treatment and healing of one another which the individual treatment model cannot.