Question

Chapter 16 Quiz 0 Help Save Newsworthy Nutrition Calorie restriction (CR) is the only approach that has been proven to slow the aging process. CR involves undernutrition without malnutrition: intake of micronutrients is optimal, but macronutrients are restricted. Studies in spiders, rodents, and monkeys have shown that restricting calorie intake by about 30% can improve longevity, but long-term studies in humans are lacking Part 1 of 6 Diet research in humans can be complicated. Because the normal lifespan of humans is 75 to 80 years, research to elucidate the effects of CR on human lifespan is hardly feasible. Also, unlike rats and spiders, humans cannot be kept in a cage. Maintaining compliance with a dietary regimen that restricts normal calorie intake by 25% could be difficult for free- living human subjects. Locate the full journal article in a library collection or online. Read the article thoroughly and answer the following questions CITATION Heilbronn LK and others: Effect of 6-month calorie restriction on biomarkers of longevity, metabolic adaptation, and oxidative stress in overweight subjects. Journal of the American Medical Association 295:1539, 2006. LINK TO ARTICLE SUMMARY Researchers for the Comprehensive Assessment of the Long-Term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE) study explored the possibility that 25% calorie restriction for 6 months would alter biomarkers of longevity in humans. Forty-six overweight adults completed the study. Subjects were randomized to one of four groups control (no caloric restriction), CR (25% calorie restriction), CREX (12.5% calorie restriction +12.5% increased energy expenditure by structured exercise and LCD low-calorie diet followed by weight-maintenance diet after 15% weight loss was achieved). Subjects followed controlled diets that were deficient in calories but otherwise nutritionally adequate and underwent numerous measurements, including body composition, colorimetry, body temperature, and various blood tests.

Answer 1

10. All of these choices are correct.

Data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging support the association between longevity and temperature, insulin, and DHEAS.

11.researchers thoroughly and frequently counselled subjects on how to select food to meet the dietary protocol.

12.all of these choices are correct

13.assess body composition by BMI.

14.Total body expenditure

15.energy expenditure was decreased in proportion to decreases in Fat Free Mass.