Question

AT, a 49-year old African American IT specialist is 5 feet 9 inches tall and weighs 240 lb. He sits for long hours at work and is too tired to exercise when he gets home in the evening. His meals usually include fatty meats, eggs, and cheese, and he loves dairy desserts such as frozen custard and dove ice cream bars. He has a family history of CVD and hypertension. His recent laboratory tests show that his blood pressure is 160/100 mm Hg, and LDL and HDL levels are 160 mg/dL and 35 mg/dL, respectively. He smokes a pack of cigarettes daily and drinks two glasses of wine with both lunch and dinner.

1. What are AT’s major risk factors for CVD. Which ones are modifiable? What complications might occur if he delays treatment?
2. Construct two PES statements that appropriately represent AT’s case.
3. Explain the dietary changes you would recommend, which could help him improve his CVD risk factors. Calculate his estimated caloric needs (show all work). Using the food exchange system as a calorie guide, prepare a one-day menu for AT using either the DASH, Mediterranean, vegan/vegetarian, or pescatarian eating plan as your choice. Please include number of servings of food items and key macronutrient information (total calories, grams of CHO, grams of protein and grams of fat). For the menu, a table format is recommended for personal and instructor clarity as noted in this example below:

Food/ Beverage Item Ingredients (combination foods)	Meal (B, L, D or snack)	CHO	Protein	Fat	Total Calories

4. What other lab tests or measurements would be useful to better assess AT’s condition and why?
5. Describe several benefits that AT might attain from a program that emphasizes weight reduction and daily physical activity. Discuss why alcohol use can be both a protective and detrimental lifestyle habit.

Answer 1

# The major risk factors for AT's CVD are :-

- sedantary lifestyle

- no doing exercise

- eating fatty diet

- family history of CVD and hypertension

#. Modifiable risk factors are those risk factors that can be changed :-

- sedantary lifestyle

- no doing exercise

- eating fatty diet

#. Complications that can occur if he delays the treatment are :-

- angina

- hypertension

- atherosclerosis

- myocardial Infarction

- CVD

- Heart failure

#.Two PES statement that appropriately represent AT's case are :-

- Increased intake of high fatty diet related to poor healthy diet as evidenced by his weight , LDL levels and high blood pressure

- Increased risk of developing heart problems related to high fatty diet intake as evidenced by high Blood pressure and LDL levels .

# Dietary changes to be made are :-

- decrease intake of fatty foods like burger ,pizza , meat ,eggs ,cheese etc

- increase intake of more fluids

- increase intake of fibers

- increase intake of vegetables and fruits

- exercising regularly