Homework Answers
ANSWER.
17) Calculation of serum osmolarity.
Formula
Serum osmolarity = (2*(Na + K) + (BUN /2.8) + (Glucose / 18)
Here
Na+ = 152 mmol/L.
K+ - 5.6 mmol/L.
BUN - 16.5 mmol/l
Glucose - 48 mmol/L.
As per above formula
Serum osmolarity = (2* (152 + 5.6) + 16.5/2.8 + 48/18)
= (2* 157.6 +5.9 + 2.7)
= (315.2 + 5.9 + 2.7)
= 323.8
= 324 (options in the question are wrong).
18) b) Water deprivation test is a diagnostic test used to measure the ability
of the kidneys to concentrate urine.
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Question 17 (1 point) Patient presents with the following Laboratory test results: Reference Interval Result Test...
Test Result Reference Na 158 135 - 145 mmol/L K 4.6 3.5 - 5.0 mmol/L Cl...
Test Result Reference Na 158 135 - 145 mmol/L K 4.6 3.5 - 5.0 mmol/L Cl 118 93 - 108 mmol/L HCO3 18 21- 28 mmol/L Urea 16.5 3.0 - 8.9 mmol/L Glucose 43 3.6 - 6.1 mmol/L Osmolality 393 281- 297 mmol/kg Ketones negative negative An 80 year old patient was admitted to hospital with the following laboratory tests. Explain the Na results Calculate the serum osmolality and explain the significance of the result. Explain the HCO3 result What...
Question 17 (1 point) Laboratory Investigations on a 62 year old male in the ER. Reference...
Question 17 (1 point) Laboratory Investigations on a 62 year old male in the ER. Reference Interval Test Result Serum Na 150 K5.5 CHE 112L MENAM TCO 18 BUN 16.5 Osmo 385 Glucose 48.0 Ketones e Negative Lactate Urinalysis Glucose 28 Ketones Negative Arterial Blood Gas De 7:32 pCO, 30 135 - 145 mmol L 3.2 - 5 mmol L 98-108 mmol L 23-32 mmoll | 20-8.2 mmol L 280 - 300 mmol kg 3.6 - 6.1 mmol L Negative...
Question 41 (1 point) Patient age 19 years of age presents with the following laboratory test...
Question 41 (1 point) Patient age 19 years of age presents with the following laboratory test results. 210 30 28 100 Calcium Phosphorus Alkaline pho Total pro Albumin Vitamin B12 Folate, rbc Schilling Fecal fat Xylose test Urine on Admis Albumin Glucose Blood RBC Reference Lateral 2.1-2.62 mmol L 0.8-1.45 mmoll 115 UL 60-85RL 35-55 L 166-738 pmoll 475-2220 nmoll >8% absorption excreted 43.3% 3.58 > in 6h trace negative positive 10.50 Ipf negative negative negative negative The alkaline phosphatase...
Question 13 (1 point) Laboratory Results Result 124 5.7 95 18 45 Reference Interval 135 to...
Question 13 (1 point) Laboratory Results Result 124 5.7 95 18 45 Reference Interval 135 to 145 mmol L 3.2 to 5.0 mmol L 98 to 108 mmol 1 22 to 26 mmol L 3.6 to 6.1 mmol L Negative Test Sodium Potassium Chloride HCO Blood Glucose Urine Ketones Positive The patient is hyperkalemic because? a) Respiratory acidosis is present b) Metabolic acidosis c) Protein catabolism d) Metabolic alkalosis is present Question 14 (1 point) Laboratory Results Test Sodium Potassium...
Patient presents with the following test results: Reference Interval Result Test 155 135 to 145 mmo...
Patient presents with the following test results: Reference Interval Result Test 155 135 to 145 mmo L Sodium 3.6 to 5.9 mmol L Potassium 3.0 Which of the following is not consistent with the laboratory data? a) Serum is most likely hyper-osmolar b) Differential diagnosis would include Conn's syndrome c) Patient is most likely hypertensive d) Differential diagnosis would include Addisonian crisis Question 30 (1 point) The fat functions of cortisol are NOT consistent with which of the following statements?...
45.Patient age 19 years of age presents with the following laboratory test results. The alkaline phosphatase...
45.Patient age 19 years of age presents with the following laboratory test results. The alkaline phosphatase result Reference Interval 2.1-2.62 mmol L 0.8-1.45 mmol L 115 UL 60-85 gL 35.55 @L 166-738 pmol L 475-2220 nmol/L absorption % ESg in 6h Result 1.5 0.65 210 50 28 100 221 4.2 43.59% excreted 3.5g Test Calcium Phosphorus Alkaline phosphatase Total protein Albumin Vitamin B12 Folate, rbc Schilling Fecal fat Xylose test Urine on Albumin Glucose Blood RBC Admission negative negative Begative...
Question 35 (1 point) Patient age 19 years of age presents with the following laboratory test...
Question 35 (1 point) Patient age 19 years of age presents with the following laboratory test results. Test Culcium Result 15 065 210 III 30 Total protein Albumin Vitamin B12 PA Reference Interval 2.1-2.62 mmol L 08-1.45 mmoll 115 UL 60-85 L 35.35 L 166-738 pmol L 475-2220 nmol L >8% absorpti 100 221 Feel fat 43.5% excreted 352 > in 6h Glucose Blood trace Begative positive 40.50 Ipf begative negative negative negative The blood smear indicated macrcoytic red blood...
Question 9 (1 point) Hypoglycemia is defined as a blood sugar: a) Less than 2.5 mmol/L...
Question 9 (1 point) Hypoglycemia is defined as a blood sugar: a) Less than 2.5 mmol/L b) Less than 3.1 mmol/L c Greater than 7.8 mmol/L d) Less than 7.8 mmol/L Question 10 (1 point) Laboratory Investigations on a 62 year old male in the ER. Test Serum Na Reference Interval Result 150 5.5 112 18 16.5 385 135-145 mmol L 3.2-5 mmolL 98 108 mmol L 32 mmol L 2.0 Cl TCO 23- BUN 82 mmol L 280-300 mmol...
Question 11 (1 point) A patient is admitted to the hospital with dehydration and hypotension. Electrolytes...
Question 11 (1 point) A patient is admitted to the hospital with dehydration and hypotension. Electrolytes show: 135-145 mmol/L Na+ 129 K+ 5.7 3.5-5.0mmol/L 97-107mmol/L 112 Cl- HCO3 18 22-28 mmol/L The above results are consistent with: a) Metabolic acidosis b) Respiratory Alkalosis c) Metabolic alkalosis d) Respiratory Acidosis Question 12 (1 point) Which of the following compensatory pathways is likely to occur in Volume Depletion? Vol depletion; Dec RBF; Inc Renin; Inc All Inc Aldosterone; Inc [Na+]; Inc Osmolality;...
Question 39 (1 point) Patient age 19 years of age presents with the following laboratory test...
Question 39 (1 point) Patient age 19 years of age presents with the following laboratory test results. Test Calcium Phosphorus Alkaline phosphatase Total protein Result 11.5 0.65 210 30 28 100 221 Reference Internal 21-262 mmol L 0.8-1.45 mmoll 115 UL 60-85 EL 35.35 L 166-738 peol L 475-2220 nmol L >8% absorption SEEXES itamin B12 Folate, tbc Schilling Fecal fat 143 59 excreted > g in 6 h ne on Admission Begative positive 40.50 Ipf negative negative negative negative...
Question 17 (1 point) Laboratory Investigations on a 62 year old male in the ER. Reference Interval Test Result Serum Na 150 K5.5 CHE 112L MENAM TCO 18 BUN 16.5 Osmo 385 Glucose 48.0 Ketones e Negative Lactate Urinalysis Glucose 28 Ketones Negative Arterial Blood Gas De 7:32 pCO, 30 135 - 145 mmol L 3.2 - 5 mmol L 98-108 mmol L 23-32 mmoll | 20-8.2 mmol L 280 - 300 mmol kg 3.6 - 6.1 mmol L Negative...
Question 41 (1 point) Patient age 19 years of age presents with the following laboratory test results. 210 30 28 100 Calcium Phosphorus Alkaline pho Total pro Albumin Vitamin B12 Folate, rbc Schilling Fecal fat Xylose test Urine on Admis Albumin Glucose Blood RBC Reference Lateral 2.1-2.62 mmol L 0.8-1.45 mmoll 115 UL 60-85RL 35-55 L 166-738 pmoll 475-2220 nmoll >8% absorption excreted 43.3% 3.58 > in 6h trace negative positive 10.50 Ipf negative negative negative negative The alkaline phosphatase...
Question 13 (1 point) Laboratory Results Result 124 5.7 95 18 45 Reference Interval 135 to 145 mmol L 3.2 to 5.0 mmol L 98 to 108 mmol 1 22 to 26 mmol L 3.6 to 6.1 mmol L Negative Test Sodium Potassium Chloride HCO Blood Glucose Urine Ketones Positive The patient is hyperkalemic because? a) Respiratory acidosis is present b) Metabolic acidosis c) Protein catabolism d) Metabolic alkalosis is present Question 14 (1 point) Laboratory Results Test Sodium Potassium...
Patient presents with the following test results: Reference Interval Result Test 155 135 to 145 mmo L Sodium 3.6 to 5.9 mmol L Potassium 3.0 Which of the following is not consistent with the laboratory data? a) Serum is most likely hyper-osmolar b) Differential diagnosis would include Conn's syndrome c) Patient is most likely hypertensive d) Differential diagnosis would include Addisonian crisis Question 30 (1 point) The fat functions of cortisol are NOT consistent with which of the following statements?...
45.Patient age 19 years of age presents with the following laboratory test results. The alkaline phosphatase result Reference Interval 2.1-2.62 mmol L 0.8-1.45 mmol L 115 UL 60-85 gL 35.55 @L 166-738 pmol L 475-2220 nmol/L absorption % ESg in 6h Result 1.5 0.65 210 50 28 100 221 4.2 43.59% excreted 3.5g Test Calcium Phosphorus Alkaline phosphatase Total protein Albumin Vitamin B12 Folate, rbc Schilling Fecal fat Xylose test Urine on Albumin Glucose Blood RBC Admission negative negative Begative...
Question 35 (1 point) Patient age 19 years of age presents with the following laboratory test results. Test Culcium Result 15 065 210 III 30 Total protein Albumin Vitamin B12 PA Reference Interval 2.1-2.62 mmol L 08-1.45 mmoll 115 UL 60-85 L 35.35 L 166-738 pmol L 475-2220 nmol L >8% absorpti 100 221 Feel fat 43.5% excreted 352 > in 6h Glucose Blood trace Begative positive 40.50 Ipf begative negative negative negative The blood smear indicated macrcoytic red blood...
Question 9 (1 point) Hypoglycemia is defined as a blood sugar: a) Less than 2.5 mmol/L b) Less than 3.1 mmol/L c Greater than 7.8 mmol/L d) Less than 7.8 mmol/L Question 10 (1 point) Laboratory Investigations on a 62 year old male in the ER. Test Serum Na Reference Interval Result 150 5.5 112 18 16.5 385 135-145 mmol L 3.2-5 mmolL 98 108 mmol L 32 mmol L 2.0 Cl TCO 23- BUN 82 mmol L 280-300 mmol...
Question 11 (1 point) A patient is admitted to the hospital with dehydration and hypotension. Electrolytes show: 135-145 mmol/L Na+ 129 K+ 5.7 3.5-5.0mmol/L 97-107mmol/L 112 Cl- HCO3 18 22-28 mmol/L The above results are consistent with: a) Metabolic acidosis b) Respiratory Alkalosis c) Metabolic alkalosis d) Respiratory Acidosis Question 12 (1 point) Which of the following compensatory pathways is likely to occur in Volume Depletion? Vol depletion; Dec RBF; Inc Renin; Inc All Inc Aldosterone; Inc [Na+]; Inc Osmolality;...
Question 39 (1 point) Patient age 19 years of age presents with the following laboratory test results. Test Calcium Phosphorus Alkaline phosphatase Total protein Result 11.5 0.65 210 30 28 100 221 Reference Internal 21-262 mmol L 0.8-1.45 mmoll 115 UL 60-85 EL 35.35 L 166-738 peol L 475-2220 nmol L >8% absorption SEEXES itamin B12 Folate, tbc Schilling Fecal fat 143 59 excreted > g in 6 h ne on Admission Begative positive 40.50 Ipf negative negative negative negative...
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