Question

WHAT CAN GO WRONG! CONCERNS DURING THE PRENATAL PERIOD We will discuss this in class on 9.17. It will be due on 9.19 1. We learned the definition of teratogens in class. Identify at least 3 teratogens and describe the effects on the embryo/fetus during the prenatal period. What impact from the tertatogen may be evidenced during infancy or later in life? 2. There are many issues that can occur during the prenatal period involving chromosome abnormalities. Identify one chromosome disorder and describe the symptoms associated with the disorder. 3. Identify at least one genetic (abnormality with gene(s)) disorder. Describe the symptoms associated with the disorder. 230 PM 9/22/2019

Answer 1

1. Teratogens are the substance that may produce physical or functional defects in the human embryo or fetus after the pregnant woman is exposed to to substance. For instance, alcohol and cocaine, ionizing radiation such as x-rays, drugs and chemicals. It affect pregnancies and causes complication such as preterm labors,spontaneous abortions or miscarriages. Teratogens affect the fetus in a number of ways, causing physical malformations such as microcephaly neurat tube defects, cardiac defects, Hirschsprung disease, skeletal malformations , anopthalmia, bone hypolasticity, problems in the behavioral or emotional development of the child, and decreased intellectual quotient in the child. 2. Triploidy is a rare chromosomal abnormality in which fetus are born with extra set of chromosomes in their cells that is 69 set of chromosomes. Fetus with the abnormality rarely survive to birth. Many are spontaneously miscarried during the first trimester. Some may survive to term with multiple birth defects such as growth retardation heart defects, neural tube defects. Pregnant women carrying fetus with triploid syndrome may have preeclampsia, other symptoms are albuminuria, edema, hypertension. 3.Single gene disorder, where a mutation affects one gene. Sickle cell anemia is an example. Following are the symptoms, pain in the chest or in the joints, dizziness, fatigue, low oxygen in the body, blood in urine, inflamed fingers or toes, pallor, shortness of breath, yellow skin or eyes.