Question

1). Name one isotonic solution and list one reason it would be used. (2 points)

2.) Name one hypotonic solution and explain what a hypotonic solution does to the cells. (2 points)

3.) Name one fluid that needs a central line placed prior to starting it. Why is a central line necessary for this solution? (2 points)

4.) Name two nursing interventions for a patient receiving TPN infusions. (2 points)

5.) List one use for whole blood and one thing the nurse should watch for when administering this product. (2 points)

6.) Name one use of plasma. What color should plasma be? (2 points)

7.) Explain polypharmacy and who is at highest risk for it. (2 points)

8.) Describe how you, as a member of the healthcare team can decrease the risks of polypharmacy for your patients. (6 points)

Answer 1

1. Isotonic solutions are those solutions which have same concentration as our blood and it is the commonly used solution.

Example of isotonic solutions are :-

0.9% Normal saline

Ringer lactate .

It is used in conditions like :-

- Shock

- Hypotension

- Dehydration

- Severe hemorrhage

2. Hypotonic solutions are D5W, 0.25 %NaCl, 0.45%NaCl

In which the concentration of cells are more inside the cells than outside of it and there is movement of solvent from the blood vessels to the cells and hence cells gets swell up .

3 Central line is placed in conditions where the patient needs long term medications , hemodialysis , two or three IV fluids ,medicines at a time , infusion of potassium chloride , lot of blood products , TPN etc. This line is put so that the patient haveore comfort and no need to put IV line at multiple sites for different infusions.

Lot of blood products can be given from peripheral line , potassium chloride can't be given for long time through IV line as it burns out the vein , TPN is absorbed fast through central line than peripheral line .

4. Nursing Interventions for a patient recieving TPN are :-

- Priming of the central venous or IV line

- Hand hygiene before and after administration of TPN

- Assess the central venous site for any signs of infection

- Monitor the blood glucose levels of the patient