Question

1. Compare the signs of fibrocystic disease and breast cancer. 2. Explain why chemotherapy and radiation may be recommended following surgery for breast cancer even when no lymph nodes appear to be involved. 3. Explain the recommended treatment for estrogen dependent breast cancer in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. 4. Explain what is meant by targeted therapy for breast cancer. 5. Discuss the importance of breast cancer screening and early diagnosis.

Answer 1

Ans:- 1. Comparison between fibrocystic disease and breast cancer is shown in following image:-

2. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy is recommended following surgery in breast cancer even if their is no involvement of lymph nodes because :-

chemotherapy helps in the shrinkage of tumor so that less tissue needs to removed and it helps in the lower of risk of recurrence by getting rid of cancer cells that might still in the body.

Radiotherapy:- The main aim of radiotherapy is to destroy the any cancer cells that may left behind in the breast area after the surgery.

3. The recommended treatment for estrogen dependent breast cancer in premenopausal and postmenopausal women is as follows:- a) Tamoxifen that is approved by FDA for adjuvant hormone, in treatment of postmenopausal and premenopausal women with ER positive early stage breast cancer.

b) The aromatase inhibitors anastrozole and letrozole are approved for the in postmenopausal women.

4. Targeted therapy for breast cancer:- In this therapy targeted drugs are prepared/ designed to block the growth and spread of cancer cells in specific ways. It acts different from the chemotherapy. For example:- Target therapy may block the action of an abnormal protein that stimulate the growth of breast cancer cells.

5.Imortance of breast cancer screening and early diagnosis are as follows:- a) Through screening we can early detect the breast cancer,

Method through which we can early detect the cancer:- Breast self examination, clinical breast examination, and mammography.

Early diagnosis helps in the early treatment of cancer and due to early treatment prognosis becomes good and patient can save from the further complications and death.