Question

1. Compare and contrast acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease CKD AKI onset Common causes diagnostics reversibility Primary cause of death 2. Identify the following causes of renal failure a. Prerenal b. Intrarenal C. Postrenal 3. Describe assessment finings during the following phases of renal failure a. Oliguric phase b. Duretic phase C. Recovery phase 4. Describe prevention and nursing management of the following complications of renal failure a. Hyperkalemia 5. Describe assessment finding that may warrant the use of renal replacement therapy. Which RRT? Identify 4 priority nursing assessment for a patient in acute renal failure 6. 7. Review the trend of the stages of chronic renal failure, noting the difference between stage 1 and stage 5, and also recognizing at what point patient needs dialysis

Answer 1

1- aki - acute onset , most common cause - ischemic necrosis due to hypovolemia ,sepsis,poison, urine output and serum creatinine

Reversible, cause of death- renal failure - encephalopathy- coma- death

Ckd - gradual onset

Cause - diabetic nehropathy

Irreversible

Cause of death - ranal faliure

2-- prerenal cause - hypovolemic shock , renal artery stenosis

Intrarenal- diabetic nehropathy, contrast induce nephropathy,toxin , alcohol

Postrenal- renal vain thrombosis