Question

Instructions: Read the instructions carefully and answer the following questions in the space provided. Then attach the PDF file on Discussion Board for peer discussion and peer review. 1. In a few sentences define and concisely describe each of the three main classes of isomers below. Configurational Isomers can be further classified as either enantiomers or diastereomers and should also be discussed. Your descriptions should enable your peers to quickly and easily compare and contrast the differences between the different classes of isomers. Then, for each class, draw a pair of structures (in bond-line form) to clearly illustrate each class of isomer. Be sure to show proper spatial orientation where needed (often using dash/wedge bonds, or correct double-bond geometry). [ During your peer review: Did your peers draw correct examples? Suggest improvement if not.] A. Constitutional Isomers (or Structural Isomers) B. Conformational Isomers C. Configurational Isomers (or Stereoisomers) I. Enantiomers II. Diasteromers

Answer 1

A. Constitutional Isomers. This kind of isomers are constituted by the same atoms but they are organized in different structures because they are bonding in diverse forms. There is three kinds of constitutional isomers:

- Structural constitutional isomers. In this kind of isomer ther is no functional groups and the radicals chains are bond in different carbons.

Example: 2-methilpropane and n-butane.

- Functional constitutional isomers. There are isomers with the same atoms but with different functional groups.

Example: Ethanol and dimethilether.

-Positional constitutional isomers. This isomers has the same functional group, but the positions of the radicals are linked in different carbons.

Example: Isopropylamine and propylamine

B. Conformational Isomers. This compounds are isomers that differ in the bond sigma C-C rotation,this like consequence of the cylindricL symmetry of sigma bond that allow their rotation.

Example: Eclipsed and staggered of ethane.

C. Configurational Isomers (Stereoisomers). This isomers exhibit an spatial distribution through a chiral centre (atoms with full substituents different).

A. Structural constitutional isomer's A. Functional constitutional isomers. он 2-methylpropane (C4H10) n-butane (C4H10) ethanol (C2H3OH) dimethyl ether (C2H,0) A. Positional constitutional isomer's NH2 ~ NH₂ isopropyl amine (CH-NH) propyl amine (C6H-NH)

B. Conformational isomer's Sawhorse representations and Newman projections of ethane H Frontal carbon Frontal carbon HH Eclipsed Staggered (form more stable)

C. Conformational Isomers (enantiomers) 1 но 110 и (R)-2-buthanol (S)-2-buthanol C. Conformational Isomers (diastereomers) OH