Question

Respond to 2 out of these 4 questions 1-List 2 fine and 2 gross motor skills that develop among children in this age group 2-Describe 2 major health problems of this developmental age 3-Describe the cognitive stages and advances that occur during early childhood 4-Describe language development and milestones of this developmental.

Answer 1

Ans.

1. Fine and gross motor skills--

Gross motor skills are larger movements your baby makes with his arms, legs, feet, or his entire body. So crawling, running, and jumping are gross motor skills.

Fine motor skills are smaller actions. ... When your baby is newborn, his brain is not mature enough to control skilled movement.

• Likes to draw; holds crayon with fingers
• Able to imitate designs like a circle or a cross
• Has hand control to build block towers
• Can string beads on a shoelace
• Able to do simple puzzles (6-10 pieces)

2 Major health problems of the developmental age--

• Chronic health conditions. According to the National Council on Aging, about 92 percent of seniors have at least one chronic disease and 77 percent have at least two. ...
• Cognitive health. ...
• Mental health. ...
• Physical injury. ...
• HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. ...
• Malnutrition. ...
• Sensory impairments.

3. The cognitive stage and advances that occur during early childhood--

Here are the four cognitive stages of childhood development as identified by Jean Piaget:

1. Sensorimotor Stage: Birth through about 2 years. During this stage, children learn about the world through their senses and the manipulation of objects.
2. Preoperational Stage: Ages 2 through 7. During this stage, children develop memory and imagination. They are also able to understand things symbolically and to understand the ideas of the past and future.
3. Concrete Operational Stage: Ages 7 through 11. During this stage, children become more aware of external events, as well as feelings other than their own. They become less egocentric and begin to understand that not everyone shares their thoughts, beliefs, or feelings.
4. Formal Operational Stage: Ages 11 and older. During this stage, children are able to use logic to solve problems, view the world around them, and plan for the future.

4. Language development and milestone--

• From 1 to 3 months of age, babies cry and coo.
• At 4 to 6 months of age, babies sigh, grunt, gurgle, squeal, laugh and make different crying sounds.
• Between 6 and 9 months, babies babble in syllables and start imitating tones and speech sounds.
• By 12 months, a baby’s first words usually appear, and by 18 months to 2 years children use around 50 words and will start putting two words together into a short sentences.
• From 2-3 years, sentences extend to 4 and 5 words. Children can recognise and identify almost all common objects and pictures, as well as use pronouns (I, me, he, she) and some plurals. Strangers can understand most words.
• From 3-5 years, conversations become longer, and more abstract and complex.