Question

Disorders: Nephrotic Syndrome & IgA Nephropathy (Berger’s Disease)

Our first critical thinking activity, you will select two disorders we have identified from Chapters 1, 2, 5, 6 or 7 and create a detailed chart or table which explores their etiology. You will compare and contrast the etiology, going into detail about all characteristics, identifying factors that are similar (compare) and those that are dissimilar (contrast). You should make sure to include information that directly looks at the two conditions at the same time, rather than just listing information for each disorder independently. A submission with an in-depth compare and contrast component will receive higher marks than one that just outlines the etiology of the two disorders alone. Submissions should NOT include a comparison between the complete pathophysiology (signs, symptoms, diagnostic or treatment methods or impact), rather it should focus only on the etiology of the disorders.

Answer 1

Nephrotic syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome is a non inflammatory disease of the kidney. It is a condition characterised by the leaking of blood protein into the urine, oedma or swelling and degenerative lesions.

IgA Nephropathy or Berger's disease

It is an autoimmune disorder of kidneys and is characterised by the damage or abnormality to the tissues of kidney due to IgA build up in the glomeruli. IgA is an antibody that created by our own immune system.

Comparison of etiology of Nephrotic syndrome and IgA Nephropathy:

Nephrotic syndrome Berger's disease

1. It is a non inflammatory disease 1. It is an autoimmune

of kidney disorder of kidney

2. Caused due to the damage 2. it is due to the

of glomeruli of kidney inflammation of

glomeruli by the

the clumps of IgA

antibodies.

3.etiology

Nephrotic syndrome: 1) Under lying disease conditions that affect kidney directly such as Systemic lupus erythematosus, minima change disease and Diabetic nephropathy , accumulation of amyloids etc. whereas Berger's disease is an autoimmune disorder of kidney, in which the IgA antibody production will be more by the body. This antibody is perceived as foreign by other antibodies and started to attack it by forming the antibody complexes. This complexes get deposited in the glomeruli and as a e result, there will be inflammation in the glomeruli.

2. Risk factors :

a)Genetic factors

family history of Nephropathy is a risk factor of Berger's disease, where as in nephrotic syndrome genetic factors are not playing much role in developing in nephrotic syndrome.

b) Infections

Nephrotic Syndrome: Infections like HIV, Hepatitis

Nephropathy: Respiratory infections and some time Gastro intestinal infections also trigger autoimmune reactions

c) Incidence

Nephrotic syndrome :

Nephropathy: males are affected more than females. teenage is and young adults are more prone to disease condition

Nephrotic syndrome : also more common in males than females. adults are more prone than children.