Question

Titration of acetic acid.

4. What is the advantage of doing three trials, especially since you are doing exactly time? What does your standard deviation tell you about the precision of your results'? is, especially since you are doing exactly the same thing each 5. Error analysis. Suppose during the titration you added NaOH sufficient to change the indicator to a much darker pink color. How would this affect your experimental result? Would this increase of decrease your experimental acetic acid content? Explain. 6. Error analysis. If the NaOH solution (titrant) was not standardized with KHP, how would this affect your experimental result? Would this increase or decrease your experimental acetic acid content? Explain. 7. Applications in real life. Cite at least 3 consumer products other than vinegar that can be analyzed using titration

Answer 1

During the titration, there is always a possibility of both random and systematic errors which affect the results.

1. A systematic error mostly occurs due to poor experimental techniques such as improper washing and drying the burette before using it for titration. This means that the liquid present in burette is not an appropriate representation of the unknown sample.
2. A random error is based on how accurately a person can read the volume from the burette.

Therefore, three trials are necessarily required in order to minimize such errors in the titration process and to ensure that the results are accurate.

Precision is evaluated by a statistical technique which is known as standard deviation. Standard deviation indicates how much the measurements differ from each other on average. High standard deviation signifies low precision whereas, low standard deviation shows signifies high precision.