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Compare and contrast the differences between a cross-sectional study and a case-control study approach. 150 MINIMUM...

Compare and contrast the differences between a cross-sectional study and a case-control study approach. 150 MINIMUM WORDS

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cross sectional is prevalence study and useful to look at single point of time whereas case control study are used to study 2 groups cases(diseased) and controls (non-diseased) and to identify the risk factors between them . it looks back from the time of exposure and the occurrence of disease.

Cross sectional studies are used to determine prevalence. They are relatively quick and easy but do not permit distinction between cause and effect. Case controlled studies compare groups retrospectively. They seek to identify possible predictors of outcome and are useful for studying rare diseases or outcomes.

Cross-sectional study design is a type of observational study design. In a cross-sectional study, the investigator measures the outcome and the exposures in the study participants at the same time. ... We can estimate the prevalence of disease in cross-sectional studies.

For example, a cross-sectional study might be used to determine if exposure to specific risk factors might correlate with particular outcomes. A researcher might collect cross-sectional data on past smoking habits and current diagnoses of lung cancer, for example.

A case-control study is designed to help determine if an exposure is associated with an outcome (i.e., disease or condition of interest). ... By definition, a case-control study is always retrospective because it starts with an outcome then traces back to investigate exposures.

case control study example--

A case-control study is a retrospective study that looks back in time to find the relative risk between a specific exposure (e.g. second hand tobacco smoke) and an outcome (e.g. cancer). A control group of people who do not have the disease or who did not experience the event is used for comparison.

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