Non-modifiable Risk Factors
Non-modifiable risk factors are those that you cannot control. Examples of non-modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease include:
Age
According to American Heart Association computations, about 80 percent of people who die from cardiovascular disease are 65 years and older. Age itself increases your risk of developing heart disease.
Gender
Heart disease has long been considered to be primarily a men's disease. Although women tend to develop cardiovascular disease about 10 years later in life than men, the outcome for women is often worse.
Read more about women and heart disease.
Family history
Your risk for developing heart disease increases if you have a relative who developed heart disease early, before age 55. If your parents developed heart disease later in life, it may be age-related rather than genetic. While you cannot change your genes, it is important to know your family medical history and share it with your doctor.
Race
African-Americans are at great risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
MODIFIABLE:
Modifiable risk factors are those that you can control. Examples of modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease include:
Smoking
Smoking tobacco significantly increases the chance of developing cardiovascular disease. Smoking damages and narrows the arteries, making angina pectoris and heart attack more likely. Angina pectoris is a condition characterized by pain or discomfort in the center of the chest, caused by the heart muscle not getting enough blood.1516 Nicotine also makes the heart beat faster and increases blood pressure, meaning the heart has to work harder to pump blood around the body.
Soon after quitting smoking, health benefits such as improved circulation, better taste and smell and a stronger immune system can usually be noticed. Doctors and other health professionals are able to offer advice on how to quit smoking.
Physical inactivity
Physical inactivity is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Not exercising regularly increases a person’s chances of being overweight, of having high blood pressure and of developing other conditions that make cardiovascular disease more likely.
To see substantial health benefits, experts recommend that adults do at least 150 minutes of moderate to high-intensity exercise per week. If this is not possible, any amount of physical activity is always preferable to none at all.21
Being overweight (obesity)
Being overweight is another leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Eating an unhealthy diet and being physically inactive are both contributing factors to being overweight, which is generally defined as having a body mass index (BMI) outside the normal range.22
Taking steps to lose weight through lifestyle and dietary changes can help reduce the risk of a range of cardiovascular conditions, including coronary heart disease and congestive heart failure.
Diet
Eating an unhealthy diet is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease. To lower the risk, a balanced diet made up of plenty of fruits and vegetables, complex carbohydrates and protein should be aimed at and excess fats, salts and sugars avoided.
Alcohol should also be consumed in moderation, if at all. In many countries, this is defined as a maximum of 14 units of alcohol per week, with some experts recommending half that for women. The week should include several alcohol-free days. One unit is equal to approximately one small glass of beer or wine, or one “shot” of distilled spirits or liquor,
List both modifiable and non-modifiable conditions that can lead to cardiovascular disorder or hypertension.
List both modifiable and non-modifiable conditions that can lead to cardiovascular disorder or hypertension.
Cardiovascular Disease is the number one leading cause of death in America. What are some modifiable and non-modifiable factors which would contribute to the development of this disease
** If there are any errors in the given answers please note it if you can thank you Case B: You are a physician assistant taking care of a 65-year old retired man with a history of cardiovascular disease, including two heart attacks. A thorough history and physical exam reveal: height= 170 cm, weight= 80 kg, BP= 150/90, HR= 100 bpm, LDL= 200 mg/dl, TG= 250 mg/dl, HDL= 30 mg/dl, FPG=80 mg/dl and HbA1c= 3%. As a grandfather, your patient...
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List any three lifestyle factors that can contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease and discuss how people can adjust their lifestyles to reduce the risks.
Discuss how infectious and non-infectious diseases relate to communicable and non-communicable diseases and conditions. List and explain the different general classification of diseases.
List and discuss three specific mechanisms by which nutrients can reduce our risk for cardiovascular disease
Case B: You are a physician assistant taking care of a 65-year old retired man with a history of cardiovascular disease, including two heart attacks. A thorough history and physical exam reveal: height= 170 cm, weight= 80 kg, BP= 150/90, HR= 100 bpm, LDL= 200 mg/dl, TG= 250 mg/dl, HDL= 30 mg/dl, FPG=80 mg/dl and HbA1c= 3%. As a grandfather, your patient spends most of his days taking care of his grandchildren while the parents, who both work full-time, are...