Question

1. How is the ANP hormone involved in fluid balance?

2. How does the thirst mechanism control fluid balance?

3. Which organ controls thirst and how?

4. What is the BNP hormone and how is it involved in fluid balance?

5. Why is capillary fluid movement important in fluid balance?

23. Condition	Assessment of Early Signs	Assessment of Late Signs	Type of fluid replacement
Dehydration
Fluid volume deficit
Fluid volume excess

Answer 1

●Atrial natriuretic peptide hormone is produced from the muscle cells present in the atrium walls of heart.It regulates the fluid balance by excreting the sodium through urine.In case of elevated blood pressure and blood volume it suppresses the action of anti diuretic hormones and excretes the excess water and sodium and this decreasing the blood pressure and blood volume. When there is excess fluid volume it suppresses the thirst center and there by reducing the fluid overload.In these three ways it maintains the fluid balance

●In simple blood has a osmolarity .The osmoreceptor plays a key role. The cells are expanded when it is diluted and constricted if the blood plasma is less.The osmotic process occurs.The osmoreceptor triggers the thirst center if there is increased plasma osmolarity and makes one to drink fluid and increase the blood volume and vice versa.

●The thirst is regulated by the central nervous system by the hypothalamus in the brain.It acts by continuously regulating the sodium content of the blood and triggers the thirst center when there is excess sodium in order to dilute it

●The brain natriuretic hormone is secreted in the brain it maintains the fluid balance by ensuring diuretic process in case of fluid overload by reducing the function of anti diuretic hormone and the endothelium present in the blood,