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A 40-year-old female has a painful right knee and a slightly enlarged spleen. Hematology results are indicated below. Which e

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Answer #1

The correct option is option a

  • Hemoglobin electrophoresis would detect Hemoglobin C

The findings which will help us to reach the answer are

  • Joint pain
  • Splenomegaly
  • Mild anaemia
  • Target cells,Erythrocytes folding and intra erythrocytes crystals in peripheral smear.

Now let's look briefly about Hemoglobin C disease.

Hemoglobin C disease is an inherited condition affecting the protein Hemoglobin in the blood which transports oxygen throughout the body.

Pathophysiology

Hemoglobin C is a structural variant of normal Hemoglobin caused by an amino acid substitution of lysine for glutamic acid at position 6 of the beta hemoglobin chain.

Symptoms

Most people with hemoglobin C disease don't have any symptoms and can live normal lives but they will have a low blood count or Anemia.

If symptoms develop, they may include

  • Reduced blood cell count during infection or illness
  • Enlarged spleen
  • Episodes of joint pain

Diagnosis

  • A peripheral smear of blood will show target cells, erythrocytes folding and intra erythrocytes crystals as seen in the picture given in the question.
  • A Hemoglobin electrophoresis would detect Hemoglobin C

Treatment

Although Hemoglobin C disease is a chronic condition it doesn't require any treatment usually. Symptomatic management is to be given accordingly.

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