Question

Musculoskeletal Nursing

Aerobic exercise involves

                A. Activity short in duration

                B. Slow-twitch muscle fibers

                C. Fast-twitch muscle fibers

                D. Activity that requires increasing amounts of energy

A greenstick fracture can best be described as:

1. Usually occurring when the exremity is twisted as in a sports injury
2. Occurring when the ends of the fracture are forced into each other
3. A fracture that has caused skin to be distrupted
4. Incomplete break along the length of the bone

Because all the classifications of medications used to treat musculoskeletal disorders can cause gastric distress, the nurse will administer these medications

                A. before meals

                B. with food or milk

                C. with an antacid

                D. on an empty stomach

The nurse is caring for a patient that is diagnosed with gout. Which of the following medications would not be included in the patient's treatment for gout?

1. Metoprolol
2. Colchicine
3. Allopurinol
4. Anturane

Which of the following is not a contributing factor to the development of some types of arthritis?

1. Deer tick bite
2. Syphilis
3. Tuberculosis
4. Osteoporosis

The nurse is caring for a patient on the pediatric unit is diagnosed with talipes equinovarus, or clubfoot.   The patient is 10 months old, and is about to be discharged.   Her parents ask the nurse how they will know if the cast is causing any problems.   How will the nurse reply?

1. If she is held while she is in the cast, it could cause the cast to press into her skin and form an ulcer beneath the cast. If you do not hold her, the cast will not cause a problem

2. If her toes become blue, swollen, or cold, the cast is affecting circulation; notify your physician immediately

3. Children as young as your child do not notice the cast; you do not need to be concerned about it causing any problems for her

4. Notify the physician if you notice any changes in her bowel movements; the cast may be causing a bowel obstruction

Smooth muscle is voluntary muscle and contains one nucleus in each cell

A. This statement is true because smooth muscle moves in response to thought

B. This statement is true because smooth muscle cells can contain more than one nucleus in each cell

C. This statement is false because smooth muscle is involuntary

D. This statement is false because smooth muscle cells do not contain a nucleus

A client with a femoral fracture is in Buck's traction. While making rounds, the nurse notices that the client's foot is flush with the footboard of the bed. Based on the nurse's knowledge of the principles of traction, an appropriate action is to do which of the following?

A. Praise the patient for maintaining countertraction

B. Reposition the client in the bed.

C. Wedge a pillow between the footboard and client's foot

D. Obtain smaller weights so this does not happen in the future.

Because of the injuries sustained in a motor vehicle accident, a patient has been placed in an external fixation device. Which of the following nurse measures is appropriate care for this patient?

1. Use one cotton tipped swab to clean all pins
2. Clean around the pins every other day, using sterile technique
3. Assess skeletal pins every eight hours for signs of looseness or infection
4. Provide pin care every 4 hours

Which of the following is true of the red bone marrow?

1. It is made up of fatty tissue
2. It is located in the central cavity of long bones
3. It can be used by the body for energy in case of extreme starvation
4. It forms all the red blood cells, platelets, and most white blood cells

Answer 1

Q.1 Aerobic exercise is typical of activities requiring endurance and sustained muscle contractions. Such activities rely mainly on Type I (slow-twitch muscles) which sustain maximal contraction for extensive periods of time.

ANS: Slow twitch muscle fibres

Q.2 greenstick fracture:

a fracture of the bone, occurring typically in children, in which one side of the bone is broken and the other only bent.

ANS:Incomplete break along the length of the bone

Q.3 all the classifications of medications used to treat musculoskeletal disorders can cause gastric distress, the nurse will administer these medications

NSAIDs were the most commonly prescribed medications (67.14%); of these, 55.32% were selective COX-2 inhibitors. Of the 22.86% of patients who sufferedadverse effects, 77.50% of these were gastrointestinal upset.so administer the drug with H2 receptor blockers,proton pump inhibitors,antacids.

ANS: with an antacids

Q.4 The nurse is caring for a patient that is diagnosed with gout. Which of the following medications would not be included in the patient's treatment for gout?

Gout is a common and complex form of arthritis that can affect anyone. It's characterized by sudden, severe attacks of pain, swelling, redness and tenderness in the joints, often the joint at the base of the big toe.An attack of gout can occur suddenly, often waking you up in the middle of the night with the sensation that your big toe is on fire. The affected joint is hot, swollen and so tender that even the weight of the sheet on it may seem intolerable.

Medications to treat gout attacks

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs):ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) ,naproxen sodium (Aleve),indomethacin (Indocin) or celecoxib (Celebrex).

Colchicine:Colcrys, Mitigare

Corticosteroids

Medications that block uric acid production: xanthine oxidase inhibitors (Aloprim, Lopurin, Zyloprim,febuxostat)

uricosurics:probenecid (Probalan),lesinurad (Zurampic)

Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that affects the heart and circulation (blood flow through arteries and veins). Metoprolol is used to treat angina (chest pain) and hypertension (high blood pressure). Metoprolol is also used to lower your risk of death or needing to be hospitalized for heart failure.

ANS:Metoprolol

Q.5 Which of the following is not a contributing factor to the development of some types of arthritis?

Lyme disease has a known cause. It’s transmitted by the spiral-shaped bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi, which is carried by blacklegged deer ticks.About 60 percent of people with untreated Lyme develop arthritis. For most people, Lyme arthritis clears up once it’s treated with antibiotics

Osteoporosis is a bone disease in which the amount and quality of the bone is reduced, leading to fractures (broken bones). Osteoporosis produces no pain or other symptoms unless a fracture has occurred.

Polyarthritis with synovitis associated with early syphilis has been described and usually occurs 3–12 weeks into the secondary stage. ⁴. The case we report is unusual because mono-arthritis rather than polyarthritis was the presenting feature.

TB arthritis primarily involves the large weight-bearing joints, in particular the hips, knees, and ankles, and occasionally involves smaller nonweight-bearing joints. ... Tuberculosis (TB) arthritis accounts for approximately 1-3% of all cases of tuberculosis and for approximately 10-11% of extrapulmonary cases.

ANS:osteoporosis