Question

Answer the following questions related to immunity.

Describe the differences between cell-mediated immunity and antibody-mediated immunity.

Describe the differences between innate/natural immunity and acquired immunity.

What is the antibody-antigen complex (AB-AG)?

Describe the roles of the T cells and B cells.

Describe one auto-immune disorder (select any autoimmune disorder and describe it).

Answer 1

Ans.2 1.natural immunity_natural immunity also is called innate immunity and natural immunity is present at birth.

2.Acquired immunity_is recieved passively from the mothers antibodies, animal serum or from the production of antibodies in response to a disease. Immunization produces active acquired immunity.

Ans. 4_SLE_systemic lupus erythmatous is an autoimmune disorder. Is a chronic progressive systemic inflammatory disease that can cause major organs and systems to fail.

Connective tissue and fibrin deposits collects in blood vessels, lymph nodes, gastrointestinal tract and pleura.

Cause_cause is unknown and sle is thought to be due to a defect in the immunologocal mechanisms or genetic origin.

Assessment_fever,weakness,anorexia,weght loss, joimt pain, butterfly erythema on face, anemia etc.

Interventions_1monitor skin intigrity and provide frequent oral care.

2.assist with the use of ointments and cream for rash as prescribed.

3provide a high protein diet high vitamin and high iron diet

4.identify factors contributing to fatigue.

5 administer plaquenil as prescribed to decrease the inflammatory response.

5instruct the client to avoid exposure to sunlight

Ans.3.antigen antibody complex_it is also called as an immnue complex,is a molicule formed from the integral binding of an antibody to a soluble antigen.

An antigen and antibody reactiom work like a lock and key mechanism.

Role of t cell and b. Cell._

1.b lymphocytes lie dormant untill a specific antigen enters the body, at which time they greatly increse in number and are available for defence.

2 t lumphocytes are resposible for rejection of trasplanted tissue.

T and b lumphocytes are necessary for a normal immune response.

Lymphocytes migrate to lymphoid tissue where the wait to form sensitized lymphocytes or cellular immunity or antibodies for humoral immunity

Ans. 1_humoral immunity or repose_is immediate and provide protection against acute rapidly developing bacterial and viral infection.

Cellular immunity or response_is delayed and also is called delayed hypersensitivity.cellular respose is active against slowly developing bacterial infections.

Cellular respose also is involved in autoimmune response, some allergic reaction, and rejection of foreign cells.