Question

2. Compare the mechanisms, adverse effects and clinical effectiveness for anxiety disorders of (a) buspirone, (b) alprazolam and (c) paroxetine. (3 Points)

Answer 1

Buspirone

Mechanism of action-it binds to serotonin type1A receptors.Serotonergic activity contributes to anxiolytic actions and anti depressant actions.

Adverse effects-CNS effects are faintness,nausea,headache ,lightheadedness,agitation,insomnia,weakness,blurred vision,tinnitus,chest pain ,tahycardia,rashes,myalgia and incordination.

Clinical effectiveness-It helps in improvement of symptoms such as decreased muscle tension,feeling rested,increased ability to concentrate and stay focus.Increased ability to participate in social and occupational interactions.

Alprazolam

Mechanism of action-it acts on the brain and nerves to produce a calming effect and helps relieve panic and anxiety symptoms.it works by enhancing the effects of a certain natural chemical in the body.

Adverse effects-Patients may experience fatigue,drowsiness,depression,tachycardia,confusion and insomnia.

Clinical effectiveness-it result in decreased sense of anxiety without CNS sidefffects,decreased severity and frequency of pain attacks and decreased symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.

Paroxetine

Mechanism of action-it inhibits reuptake of serotonin and potentiates the action/activity of serotonin.

Adverse effects-it result in emotional liability,dizziness,drowsiness,confusion,amnesia,constipation,diarrhea,sexual dysfunction and urinary frequency

Clinical effectiveness-increased sense of wellbeing,renewed interest in surroundings and may take 1-4 weeks for medicine to take effect.