Question

PN 200 Fundamentals of Nursing 11 Enteral Nutrition MM had abdominal surgery and received D5/W and D5/0.45% Na Cl for four days. A nasogastric tube was inserted for enteral nutrition. It was determined that MM's GI tract was intact and functional. 1. Which of the above solutions was isotonic? Which was hypotonic? 2. State the rationale why the IV was allowed to run for 4 days 3. Why would MM receive enteral nutrition? Is enteral nutrition needed for long term or short term therapy? 4. Differentiate between Ensure enteral solution and other forms of enteral solution. 5. MM is at risk for complications related to enteral nutrition, Discuss potential complications, and give specific interventions for the complications you have listed. (List 4 mechanical complication and 4 physical complications of enteral therapy as well as the interventions for each complication listed) 6. Differentiate methods of delivery of enteral nutrition, Describe nursing interventions for each delivery method you have listed. 7. State the possible rationale for changing MM's enteral nutrition from bolus method to continuous feeding Reviewed 12/18

Answer 1

1).

The 5% dextrose solution (D5/W) and 0.9% NaCl (sodium chloride) solution are isotonic with the blood. So, the DE/W is isotonic to the plasma, and 0.45% NaCl is hypotonic.

If the cells are placed in a solution with the same solute concentration as that of the cytoplasm, the solution is said to be “isotonic (iso-osmotic)” and the cell volume remains the same.

The fluids having lower osmotic pressure (low concentration) than the body fluids (for example, cytoplasm) are known as hypotonic solutions (hypo-osmotic). If cells are placed in a hypotonic solution, they draw water from the solution and swell and burst.

The fluids having more osmotic pressure (hyperosmotic) than the cytoplasm of the cell are known as hypertonic solutions. The cells placed in hypertonic solutions shrink as they lose water into the surrounding hypertonic solution.