Question

Ethics Healtcare

Instructions: On another sheet, answer the following questions on the above reading. Answers should be around 2-5 full and clearly-written sentences.

Answer 1

2Q).

Altruism is the sense of helping others intentionally, assisting may not be altruism because cooperation is also assistance, and it depends on the cost and benefit of the assisting birds. By determining whether the birds are experiencing risk (means, cost) during assistance. In altruistic behavior, the risk is greater than the benefit; it evolves through the kin selection or the reciprocal altruism. The evolution of altruism can also occur through the green beard effect, which is quite rare in nature.

If the ratio of cost of the donor to the benefit of the recipient is less than "r", the frequency of altruistic trait increases in the population. Means, the increased frequency of altruistic trait benefits the population (increases the fitness of one group of the population). This is called as "Hamilton's rule," where "r" is the coefficient of genetic relatedness between donor and recipient.  

For example, helping a homeless person with one's own expenses is an altruistic behaviour if it is not done without expecting anything (including the name and fame).