Question

Vitamin B 12 has a large size molecule. What is the process of absorption in the GI tract?

What type of drugs pass through membranes more readily?

What is the process called that by which a drug reversibly leaves the bloodstream and enters the interstitium and the tissues?

What influences lipophilic drug distribution?

All of the following will be asbsorbed by the patient with a GFR of 45 mL/min except?

What organs are most important in total body clearance?

Answer 1

PROCESS OF ABSORPTION OF VITAMIN-B12 IN THE GI TRACT:

B. R-protein se veted from salivary gland LoC -09 - Parietal cells B-12+R Protease Bhak R-protein from B-12 pancreas secrute Proteuse LE B12 4TF & Bio get aboobed is The Illeum Album

1. vitamin-B12 enter into the mouth,reach the stomach.
2. R- protein secreted from the salivary gland and enter into the stomach.
3. Vitamin B12 and R- protein combine,when reaches the duodenum,
4. Pancreas secrete intrinsic factor(IF) where it breaks the R- protein from vitamin-B12.
5. Intrinsic factor combine with vitamin-B12 get absorbed in the ileum.
6. Where IF +vitamin-b12 binds to the receptors where present in mucosal cells.
7. The mucosal cell convert vitamin-B12 into methyl cobalamin.
8. Finally get transport into the circulation.

TYPE OF DRUGS PASS THROUGH THE MEMBRANE EASILY;

are olipid-soluble daugs are passed through The membrare easily by passive diffusion. In passive diffusion, no Energy needed, ao carriers needed * Example o lipida soluble druge - Aspirin, cyclosporir, Ibuproper ketoprofer Tolbutamid and amprenavia. 0 0 . 0 Extrauliwa lipid PTT PILOTPA Bilayer span OO lipid Solent to OOO duu o o o o o 11яа (ulu Spau (aspiring bedoen diffusion passive

NAME OF THE PROCESS WHERE DRUG LEAVE BLOOD STREAM AND ENTER INTO TISSUES: Distribution.

The Prouss called distribution, where The daug leaves The Blood stream, enter the Interstitium and The tissue → capilby endotheliuo Blood Vessel daug Extra ullular Fluid 0 0 amagandangan cell momblare (lipid Bilagus - daug 0 ooo 0 dnega Intraullulen luid

FACTORS INFLUENCE LIPOPHILIC DRUG DISTRIBUTION:

Influences lipophillic drug distribution? Dlug that bound to plasma protein leads to low volume of distribution Blood perfusion plays a important nok is drug distribution - volume of drug involve is The upothillie daug distribution PH, concentration of Yon is Extracellular Fluid and Intracellular Fluid

ORGANS INVOLVED IN THE TOTAL BODY CLEARANCE;

1. Liver.
2. Kidney.

Both organs are get involved in the total body clearance.